Ukucabanga okulindelekile kungaba umlingani wethu omkhulu noma isitha sethu esibi kakhulu. Ikhono lokuzibonakalisa esikhathini esizayo futhi sicabange ukuthi kungenzeka yini kusivumela ukuba sizilungiselele ukubhekana nezinkinga ngendlela engcono kakhulu, kepha futhi kungaba yisithiyo esisifaka ekungenathemba futhi kusikhubaze. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukucabanga okulindelekile kusebenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izingibe ezingadala lokho kuzosisiza ukuthi sisebenzise leli khono elihle ukuze sizuze.
Kuyini ukucabanga okulindelekile?
Ukucabanga okulindelwe yinqubo yokuqonda lapho sibona khona izinselelo nezinkinga ezingase zivele futhi silungiselele ukubhekana nazo. Kuyindlela yokusebenza kwengqondo esivumela ukuthi sakhe ezinye izindlela zesikhathi esizayo futhi sizwisise ngaphambi kokuba zivele.
Ngokusobala, ukucabanga okulindelwe kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi efaka izici eziningana zokuqonda. Akudingi nje kuphela ukuthi siqaphe ukuqapha imicimbi ethile futhi sikwazi ukushaya indiva eminye engahambelani, kodwa futhi iyasicela ukuthi sisebenzise ulwazi lwethu kanye nolwazi esaluthola esikhathini esedlule ukubikezela okungenzeka njengoba sifuna izixazululo nekheli elingaba khona ukungaqiniseki nokungaqondakali okubandakanya ikusasa.
Ngempela, ukucabanga okulindelwe kuyisu lokukhomba nokuxazulula izinkinga. Akuyona nje indaba yokuqhamuka kokungahambisani size sifinyelele emkhawulweni ongaba yingozi, kepha kusicela ukuthi siphinde sicabangele isimo. Lokhu kusho ukuguqula amaphethini nezakhiwo zengqondo. Ngakho-ke, ukucabanga okulindelekile kuyindlela yokulingisa kwengqondo kanye nendlela yokwenza okulindelwe mayelana nokungenzeka.
Izinhlobo ezi-3 zokucabanga okulindelekile esizisebenzisayo ukubikezela ikusasa
1. Ukuqondana kwamamodeli
Okuhlangenwe nakho esikuphila impilo yonke kusivumela ukuthi sithole ubukhona bamaphethini athile. Isibonelo, siyaqaphela ukuthi uma kunamafu amnyama esibhakabhakeni, kungenzeka ukuthi line. Noma ukuthi lapho umlingani wethu enesimo esingesihle, kungenzeka sigcine sixabane. Ukucabanga okulindelekile kusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo njenge- "database".
Ngokwenzayo, ihlala iqhathanisa izehlakalo zesikhathi esedlule nezedlule ukuthola izimpawu ezingakhombisa ubunzima emkhathizwe noma ukuthi sihlangabezana nokungajwayelekile. Ukucabanga okulindelwe kusazisa uma sesizoba nenkinga. Kusitshela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, ngokususelwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kwangaphambilini.
Ngokusobala, akusilo uhlelo olungenangqondo. Ukuthembela kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kungaholela ekwenzeni izibikezelo ezingalungile ngoba umhlaba uqhubeka ushintsha futhi noma yiziphi izinguquko ezincane esingaziboni zingaholela emiphumeleni ehlukile. Ngakho-ke yize lolu hlobo lokucabanga okulindelekile lubalulekile, sidinga ukulusebenzisa ngokubhuka.
2. Ukulandelwa komkhondo
Lolu hlobo lokucabanga okulindelekile luqhathanisa okwenzekayo nezibikezelo zethu. Asikukhohlwa okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kwangaphambilini, kepha sinaka kakhulu okwamanje. Ukuqagela ukuthi ingxoxo nomlingani izokwenzeka yini, isibonelo, sisebenzisa amaphethini ethu sizozikhawulela ukuhlola izinga lentukuthelo nomoya omubi, kepha uma sibheka indlela esizohamba ngayo sizobheka isimo somunye umuntu isikhathi sangempela.
Ngaleli qhinga asimane nje siqaphele futhi sikhiphe amaphethini noma izitayela, kepha sisebenzisa umbono osebenzayo. Ngokusobala, inqubo yengqondo ebekiwe ukulandela umkhondo kanye nokuqhathanisa iyinkimbinkimbi kunokuhlanganisa ngqo isignali nomphumela ongemuhle, ngaleyo ndlela kudinga okukhulu amandla angokomzwelo.
Ubuthakathaka obukhulu balolu hlobo lokucabanga okulindelekile ukuthi sichitha isikhathi esiningi kakhulu sihlola umkhondo wezehlakalo, ngakho-ke uma zingawa, zingasimangaza, zingakulungele ukubhekana nazo. Sizibeka engcupheni yokuba yizibukeli isikhathi eside kakhulu, singenaso isikhathi sokuphendula futhi singenalo uhlelo olusebenzayo.
3. Ukuhlangana
Lolu hlobo lokucabanga okulindelwe luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngoba licela ukuthi siqaphele ukuxhumana phakathi kwemicimbi. Esikhundleni sokumane siphendule emaphethini amadala noma silandele umkhondo wezehlakalo zamanje, sibona imiphumela yemicimbi eyahlukahlukene futhi siqonde ukuthembela kwayo.
Lelisu ngokuvamile liyingxube yokucabanga okuqondayo nezimpawu ezingazi lutho. Eqinisweni, kuvame ukuthi kudinge ukwenziwa ukunakekelwa okugcwele okusivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukubona yonke imininingwane ngombono ohlukanisiwe okusisiza ukuthi sakhe isithombe somhlaba wonke ngokwenzekayo.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlangana kwenzeka kungahlosiwe. Sibona izimpawu nokungahambelani, njengoba ukucabanga kwethu kubanikeza incazelo futhi kubahlanganisa babe isithombe somhlaba jikelele esivumela ukuthi siqonde ukuxhumana futhi sikulandele ukuze benze izibikezelo ezinembe kakhudlwana.
Izinzuzo zokucabanga okulindelekile
Ukucabanga okulindelwe kubhekwa njengophawu lwesipiliyoni nobuhlakani emikhakheni eminingi. Abaphathi be-chess abakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, bahlaziya ngokwengqondo ukuhamba okungenzeka kwabaphikisi babo ngaphambi kokuhambisa ucezu. Ngokulindela ukunyakaza komphikisi, banenzuzo futhi bandise amathuba okuwina.
Ukucabanga okulindelekile kungasisiza kakhulu. Singabheka umkhathizwe ukuzama ukuqagela ukuthi izinqumo ezithile zizoholelaphi. Ngakho-ke singanquma ngokuqiniseka ukuthi yiziphi izinqumo ezingaba zinhle nokuthi yiziphi ezingasilimaza. Ukucabanga okulindelekile ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza amasu nokuzilungiselela ukuhamba indlela ekhethiwe.
Akusisizi nje kuphela ukuthi silindele ubunzima kanye nezithiyo ezingaba khona, kodwa futhi kusivumela ukuthi sakhe isu lokusebenza lokunqoba izinkinga noma okungenani ukunciphisa umthelela wazo. Ngakho-ke, kungasisiza ukuthi sigweme ukuhlupheka okungadingekile futhi kusongele namandla endleleni.
Uhlangothi olumnyama lwezinkinga ezilindelekile
“Indoda ibilungisa indlu ngesikhathi ibona ukuthi idinga umshini wokumba ngogesi, kodwa ibingenawo futhi zonke izitolo bezivaliwe. Wabe esekhumbula ukuthi umakhelwane wakhe unaye. Wacabanga ukumcela ukuthi ayiboleke. Kodwa ngaphambi kokufika emnyango wahlaselwa ngumbuzo: 'kuthiwani uma engafuni ukungiboleka yona?'
Wabe esekhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi begcina ukuhlangana, lo makhelwane wayengenabo ubungane njengokujwayelekile. Mhlawumbe wayephuthuma, noma mhlawumbe wayemthukuthelele.
'Impela, uma engidinelwe, ngeke angiboleke i-drill. Uzokwakha zonke izaba bese ngizenza isilima. Ngabe uzocabanga ukuthi ubaluleke ngaphezu kwami ngoba enokuthile engikudingayo? Ukuphakama kokuzikhukhumeza! ' Kucabanga le ndoda. Ethukuthele, wasula emsebenzini ngokungakwazi ukuqeda ukulungisa ekhaya ngoba umakhelwane wakhe wayengeke ambolekise isibhongo. Ukube ubezophinde ambone, ubengeke aphinde akhulume naye ”.
Le ndaba iyisibonelo esihle sezinkinga zokucabanga okulindelekile ezingasibangela lapho kuthatha indlela engafanele. Lolu hlobo lokucabanga lungaba yindlela ejwayelekile yokucabanga esebenza kuphela ekuboneni izinkinga nezithiyo lapho zingekho noma lapho kungenakwenzeka ukuthi zenzeke khona.
Lapho ukucabanga okulindelekile kuba ukwembula ubunzima nje, kuholela ekuphelelweni ithemba ngoba sisusa ingxenye ewusizo kakhulu: ithuba lokuhlela amasu ngekusasa.
Lapho-ke singangena ezingxenyeni zokukhathazeka. Siqala ukwesaba okungenzeka kwenzeke. Ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka okuhlobene nokulindela kungadala izindawo ezingaboni futhi kwakhe izintaba kusuka enhlanzini yesihlabathi. Ngakho-ke sengozini yokuba yiziboshwa zokucabanga okulindelekile.
Ngezinye izikhathi singaqonda ngqo esimweni sokucindezeleka lapho sicabanga ukuthi akukho esingakwenza. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi izinkinga ezisondela emkhathizwe azinakuxazululeka futhi siyazikhubaza, sondla ukuma okuzimele lapho sizibona siyizisulu zesiphetho esingenakukuguqula.
Ungakusebenzisa kanjani ukucabanga okulindelekile ukwenza impilo ibe lula esikhundleni sokuyenza ibe nzima?
Ukucabanga okulindelekile kuyasiza ngoba kusivumela ukuthi sizilungiselele ukuphendula ngendlela eguquguqukayo kunazo zonke. Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi uma lolu hlobo lokucabanga lwenziwa, alugcini nje ngokuthola izingozi, izinkinga nezithiyo endleleni, kepha kudingeka sizibuze ukuthi yini esingayenza ukugwema lezo zingcuphe noma okungenani ukunciphisa umthelela wabo.
Abantu abasebenzisa ukucabanga okulindelwe kangcono yilabo abagcini ngokubikezela izinkinga, kepha bafuna incazelo. Ababoni nje kuphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, kepha bayazitolika ngokwalokho abangakwenza ukubhekana nazo. Ingqondo yabo igxile kulokho abangakwenza futhi ukucabanga okulindelekile kuthatha umbono osebenzayo.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esizayo lapho ubona izinkinga kuseduze, ungamane ukhononde noma ukhathazeke, zibuze ukuthi yini ongayenza bese ulungiselela uhlelo lokwenza. Ngakho-ke ungathola okuningi kulelo thuluzi elimangalisayo elicabanga ngokucabanga.
Imithombo
Hough, A. et. I-Al. (2019) I-Metacognitive Triggering Mechanism Yokucabanga Okulindelwe. Ku: ResearchGate.
UMcKierman, P. (2017) Ukucabanga okulindelekile; Ukuhlelwa kwesimo kuhlangabezana ne-neuroscience. Ukubikezela Kwezobuchwepheshe Nokushintsha Komphakathi; 124:66-76.
IMullally, SL & Maguire, EA (2014) Imemori, Ukucabanga, nokubikezela Ikusasa: Indlela Ejwayelekile Yobuchopho? I-Neuroscientist; 20 (3): 220-234.
UKlein, G. & Snowden, DJ (2011) Ukucabanga Okucatshangwayo. Ku: ResearchGate.
Byrne, CL et. Al. (2010) Imiphumela Yokubikezela Ekuxazululeni Izinkinga Ngokudala: Isifundo Sokuhlola. Ijenali Yokucwaninga Kokusungula; 22 (2): 119-138.
Umnyango Ukucabanga okulindelwe, umugqa omuhle phakathi kokuvimbela nokwakha izinkinga yashicilelwa okokuqala ngo Ikhona lePsychology.
