Ngokokuqala ngqa, ososayensi bahlobanisa ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwenyama ebomvu esetshenzisiwe nengalungisiwe nomonakalo we-DNA ezigulini ezinomdlavuza obala
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuyithinta kanjani impilo yethu? Ezinye izazi zixhumanise ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okukhombisa ukulimala kwe-DNA ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu kwenyama ebomvu nokwanda kokushona okuhlobene nomdlavuza ezigulini ezinomdlavuza we-colorectal (CRC). Lokhu okutholakele, ngokusho kososayensi, kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwama-biomarker wengozi yokuxilonga noma we-CRC futhi kukhombise amathuba okwelashwa.
Ngiyafunda, eshicilelwe kuCancer Discovery, iphephabhuku lezesayensi le-American Association for Cancer Research, futhi eliholwa nguMarios Giannakis, uprofesa wezokwelapha eHarvard Medical School kanye nodokotela womdlavuza e-Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, ngaleyo ndlela linikeza isithombe esicishe sibanzi salokho osekuvele kusekelwe isikhathi esithile ngezifundo eziningi ze-epidemiological.
Lokhu okutholakele kuphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu kungadala ukulimala okuholela ekuguqulweni komdlavuza e-KRAS nase-PIK3CA, ngaleyo ndlela kugqugquzelwe ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza obala imibala. Imininingwane yethu ixhasa ukwenziwa kwenyama ebomvu njengengcuphe yomdlavuza onobala futhi inikezela ngamathuba okuvikela, ukuthola nokwelapha lesi sifo, kusho uGiannakis.
Bese kunesikhathi sazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama esetshenzisiwe kanye nenyama ebomvu kuyingcuphe yomdlavuza obala, ”kuchaza yena. I-International Agency for Research on Cancer yathi ngo-2015 ukuthi inyama esetshenzisiwe yayinomdlavuza nokuthi inyama ebomvu kungenzeka ibe ngumdlavuza kubantu. Ukuhlolwa kwamamodeli wangaphambi kokuphakanyiswa kuphakanyise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu kungakhuthaza ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-carcinogenic kukholoni, kepha ukuxhumana okuqondile kwamangqamuzana nokwakhiwa komdlavuza obala ezigulini akukakhonjiswanga. Njengoba uGiannakis eqhubeka esho, “Okushodayo ngubufakazi bokuthi umdlavuza ogqamile weziguli unephethini ethile yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo engabangelwa inyama ebomvu. Ukuhlonza lezi zinguquko zamangqamuzana ezingqamuzaneni zamangqamuzana ezingadala umdlavuza ngeke kuxhase kuphela indima yenyama ebomvu ekwakheni umdlavuza obala, kepha kuzohlinzeka nangezindlela ezintsha zokuvimbela nokwelashwa komdlavuza. '
Ucwaningo
Ukuhlonza izinguquko zofuzo ezihambisana nokudla inyama ebomvu, abacwaningi benza ukulandelana okuphelele kokubhangiswa kwamasampuli wesimila angalashwa aqala ukwelashwa avela ezigulini ezingama-900 ze-CRC ezibambe iqhaza ezifundweni ezintathu ezizayo (i-Nurses 'Health Studies I kanye ne-II - NHS - kanye nokulandelayo- Ucwaningo oluphezulu lwabasebenzi bezempilo - i-HPFS). Isiguli ngasinye phambilini besinikeze imininingwane ngokudla kwabo, indlela abaphila ngayo nezinye izinto esikhathini esiyiminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokutholakala komdlavuza obala, nokubheka ukuthi ngabe izingxenye zokudla zibe nomthelela yini kusiginesha e-alkylating e-CRC, basebenzise izilinganiso eziphindaphindwayo eziqoqiwe. inyama, inkukhu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ngamagremu ngosuku kumaqoqo e-NHS ne-HPFS.
Ukuhlaziywa kwethimba kwemininingwane yokulandelana kwe-DNA kuveze ukuba khona kwamasiginesha amaningi okuguqula izicubu ezijwayelekile ezinomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi nesiginesha ekhombisa "i-alkylation". uhlobo lokulimala kwe-DNA. Isiginesha ye-alkylating yayihlotshaniswa kakhulu nokudla kwangaphambi kokuxilongwa kwenyama ebomvu esetshenzisiwe noma engasetshenziswanga, kepha hhayi ngokudla izinkukhu noma inhlanzi, noma ezinye izinto zokuphila.
Futhi ngokungafani nemiphumela yokusetshenziswa kwenyama ebomvu, okunye okuguquguqukayo kokudla (inhlanzi nokudla kwenkukhu) nezinto zokuphila, kufaka phakathi inkomba yomzimba, ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema, nokwenza umsebenzi womzimba, akubonisanga ukuhlangana okuphawulekayo nesiginesha ye-alkylating.
Kusetshenziswa imodeli yokubikezela, abacwaningi bathola izinhlobo zofuzo ze-KRAS ne-PIK3CA njengezinjongo ezingaba khona ekuguqulweni okwenziwe nge-alkylation. Ngokuhambisana nalesi sibikezelo, bathole ukuthi umdlavuza onamabala afaka i-KRAS G12D, i-KRAS G13D, noma i-PIK3CA E545K izinguquko zomshayeli, okuvame ukubonwa emdlavuzeni, ube nokucebisa okukhulu kwesiginesha e-alkylating kunezicubu ngaphandle kwalokhu.
Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukuthi ukulimala kwe-DNA kungathinta isakhi sofuzo se-KRAS, ikakhulukazi izinguquko ezimbili (G12D e G13D) kanye nohlobo I-PIK3CA, womabili asevele ahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza onombala. Kepha ngokusho kukaGiannakis, ukuhlanganiswa kwemicimbi engaba yimbangela kusesekude:
Sikubonile ngokusemthethweni ukuhlangana phakathi kwenyama ebomvu nokuguquka kwezakhi ze-alkylation. Ngemuva kwalokho siyazi ukuthi lokhu kuguquka kunomthelela kuhlobo lwe-KRAS nokuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-KRAS kungadala umdlavuza.
Okusho ukuthi kungatholakala ezinye izici zofuzo ezingaholela ekwandeni noma ekwehliseni inani lomonakalo abantu abahlukene abaliqoqela inani elifanayo lenyama ebomvu esetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuzodinga ucwaningo oluthe xaxa ukuqonda i-biology ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwezicubu. Kodwa iqiniso elilodwa libukeka lingahlali likhona: Inyama ebomvu ihlala iyingozi yomdlavuza onobala nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
umthombo: Ukutholwa Komdlavuza
Funda futhi:
- Ukudla inyama kwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, nezinye izimo ezingezona umdlavuza
- Ochwepheshe bakhipha isexwayiso esesabekayo, sekuyisikhathi sokusika inyama ebomvu
- Hhayi nje inyama ebomvu: izinkukhu nazo zingadala isifo senhliziyo. Isifundo esisha
- Inyama emhlophe imbi nje nenyama ebomvu ngokwe-cholesterol
- Hhayi nje umdlavuza. Inyama ebomvu yandisa ubungozi bezinhlobo zezifo eziyi-9
