Isazi sefilosofi u-Auguste Comte wayecabanga ukuthi ukuphila ngokuzwana nabanye kwakuyisizathu "umthetho wenjabulo". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isayensi yafakazela ukuthi wayeqinisile. Ngaphandle kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu, siyazikhaphela. Sikhaphela imicabango, imizwa, imibono namalungelo ethu.
Ubudlelwano esibugcinayo nabanye buyimithombo yokwaneliseka nenjabulo, kodwa uma singakwazi ukuveza esikuzwayo, ukudlulisa imibono yethu noma ukuvikela amalungelo ethu ngokugomela, kuba umthombo wokungqubuzana, usizi kanye nokungezwani. Ngakho-ke, amakhono okuxhumana nabantu ayisisekelo okufanele sakhe phezu kwaso injabulo yethu.
Uma sifuna ukujabula, kufanele sihlakulele ubuhlobo bethu namakhono okusebenzelana nabanye
Ngo-2018, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo eNyuvesi yaseLeipzig zabuza abantu abangaphezu kwe-1.500 umbuzo obonakala ulula: liyini isu lakho lokujabula kakhudlwana? Ngakho baye bathola ukuthi akuzona zonke izindlela eziholela enjabulweni.
Ngokuyisisekelo, abantu bazama ukujabula ngokulandela izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene: ukuthuthukiswa komuntu ngamunye noma komphakathi. Abanye babekholelwa ukuthi bangajabula uma bengathola umsebenzi ongcono noma bephila impilo enempilo. Abanye bagcizelela imigomo yabo yokuxhumana nabantu, njengokuchitha isikhathi esingcono kakhulu nabangane nomkhaya, ukuqondana kakhudlwana nabanye, noma ukuhlangana nabantu abasha.
Ngemva konyaka owodwa, abacwaningi baphinde bahlola izinga labo lenjabulo nokwaneliseka. Bathola ukuthi labo ababeka okungenani umgomo owodwa womphakathi futhi wawufinyelela bazizwa bejabule futhi baneliseke ngokwengeziwe.
Lolu akulona ucwaningo lokuqala ukuveza ukuxhumana phakathi kwamakhono ethu okuxhumana nabantu kanye nenjabulo. Ngawo-1990, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ezivela e- I-National Taiwan University bathola ukuthi ukuqina kuyisibikezelo esingcono senjabulo kunezinga lokuzazi. Abacwaningi base-Islamic Azad University bathole ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa namakhono omphakathi "kunomphumela omuhle: kwandisa injabulo, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuqina".
Olunye ucwaningo olubaluleke kakhulu kuze kube manje, olwaqala ngo-1938 lulandela abantu abangaphezu kuka-700 iminyaka engu-75, lwathola ukuthi ubuhlobo obuhle buyisihluthulelo senjabulo ehlala njalo. Abacwaningi baseHarvard University baphetha ngokuthi "Ubudlelwane obuseduze, ngaphezu kwemali noma udumo, yibo okwenza abantu bajabule empilweni yabo yonke."
Yebo, lokhu akusho ukuthi imigomo yomuntu siqu ayibalulekile nokuthi ukuyifinyelela akusenzi sijabule futhi saneliseke ngokwethu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyisekela emakhonweni omphakathi anele. Kuwo wonke amasiko, izibopho zomphakathi kanye nekhono lethu lokuhlobana kubalulekile ekuzuzeni lokho kuphila okuhle nokulinganiselayo okuholela enjabulweni ezinzile nehlala njalo.
Ukubaluleka kwamakhono omphakathi ukuze kuzuzwe injabulo
Amakhono omphakathi atholakala ngokufunda, ikakhulukazi ngokulingisa ukuziphatha kwabazali bethu noma abanye abantu ababalulekile. Ukugomela, ukuzithiba, ukulalela ngenkuthalo, nokuqinisekisa ngokomzwelo yizibonelo zamakhono abalulekile omphakathi esiwathuthukisayo ngokulingisa abantu abadala abasizungezile.
Nokho, asifundi sonke izifundo ezifanayo ngendlela efanayo. Uma singenazo izibonelo ezinhle zamakhono omphakathi, kunzima ngathi ukufunda ukuxazulula izingxabano ngokugomela noma sikwazi ukugomela amalungelo ethu.
Uma singakawathuthukisi ngokwanele amakhono ethu okuxhumana nabantu, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu buba umthombo wokungakhululeki kanye nokunganeliseki. Ngempela, asinakukhohlwa ukuthi ubuhlobo buvusa eminye yemizwa yethu ejulile.
Uma singakhulumi ngezinkinga zizokhula. Uma singazi ukuthi sehlisa kanjani i-voltage, izokhula. Uma singakwazi ukulawula imizwa yethu, izothatha izintambo futhi sizohluleka kalula ukucasuka.
Esikhundleni salokho, amakhono omphakathi anikeza ibhalansi. Zisivumela ukuthi siqinise izibopho phakathi kwabantu, kodwa ngaphandle kokusincisha umoya. Zisisiza ukuba sizibeke ezicathulweni zomunye nomunye, kodwa futhi siveze izidingo zethu. Zisivumela ukuthi sixazulule izingxabano futhi sivikele indawo yethu.
Ubudlelwano esibugcinayo buyasichaza. Abagcini nje ngokusivumela ukuthi sithole indawo yethu emhlabeni futhi sizivumelanise kangcono nezimo ezahlukahlukene, kodwa futhi baqinisa ubuthina. Ngezinga elincane, sonke sizibona ngeso lomunye nomunye.
Uma sinamakhono afanele okuxhumana nabantu, singagcina ubudlelwano obuhle obusinika ukwesekwa, ukwethembana kanye nokuzola esikudingayo ukuze sikhule njengabantu futhi sijabule kakhudlwana. Lezo zibopho ziphinde zisivikele ebunzimeni futhi zisize nokubambezela ukuwohloka kwengqondo nomzimba, zibe izibikezelo ezingcono zokuphila okude nokujabulisayo kunesigaba somuntu senhlalo, i-IQ, noma izakhi zofuzo.
Kodwa ukuze sisebenzise amandla amahle avela ebudlelwaneni, kumele siqale sithuthukise amakhono ethu okuxhumana nabantu. Akwanele ukuvumela abantu abahle empilweni yethu, sidinga ukukwazi ukubagcina futhi sibanikeze ukwesekwa okufanayo, ukuqonda kanye nenjabulo esiyilindele kubo. Ngoba, njengoba uWilhelm von Humboldt esho: “Phela ubudlelwano nabantu obenza ukuphila kube nenjongo”.
Imithombo
U-Kheirkhah, A. (2020) Uphenya Umthelela Wokuqeqeshwa Kwamakhono Omphakathi Ngenjabulo, Ukusimama Kwezemfundo kanye Nokusebenza Ngokuzikhandla Kwabafundi Bamantombazane. Izingobo zomlando Zokusebenza Kwekhemisi; 11(S1): 157-164.
Rohrer, JM et. Al. (2018) Ukulwela injabulo ngempumelelo: Ukuphishekelwa komphakathi kubikezela ukwanda kokwaneliseka kwempilo. Isayensi Yezinqondo; 29 (8): 1291-1298.
UMineo, L. (2017) Izakhi zofuzo ezinhle zinhle, kodwa injabulo ingcono. Ku: IGazethi kaHarvard.
U-Argyle, M. & Lu, L. (1990) Injabulo namakhono okuxhumana nabantu. Ubuntu kanye Nomehluko Ngamunye; 11 (12): 1255-1261.
Umnyango Uyafuna ukujabula? Hlakulela amakhono akho okuxhumana nabantu yashicilelwa okokuqala ngo Ikhona lePsychology.
