Ngo-1972, i Federal Trade Commission wase-United States waphasisa umthetho wokuthi noma ikuphi ukuthengiswa kwendlu ngendlu kuhambisane nesitatimende esibhaliwe esazisa umthengi ngelungelo lokuhoxa ekuthengeni kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu zokuthengisa. Lowo mthetho waphasiswa ngenxa yezikhalazo zabathengi ngamasu okuthengisa anolaka kanye nezinkontileka ezincane.
Izazi zezomnotho zibiza lokhu ngokuthi "isikhathi sokupholisa umoya," futhi kungaba nengqondo ukusisebenzisa ezinqumweni eziyisisekelo ezingashintsha izimpilo zethu nalabo abanomthelela wabo ongalindeleka ngoba asikwazi ukulawula konke okuguqukayo.
Siyini ngempela isikhathi sokuphola?
Isikhathi sokuphola kufana nokuthatha umzuzwana onokuthula ucabange ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo. Yileso sikhashana esisithatha ngaphambi kokusho into yokuqala efika engqondweni, isikhathi esisithathayo ukucabanga ngaphambi kokukhetha.
Isikhathi sokuphola futhi simayelana nokuthatha isinqumo ngaphambi kokulala kuso. Ubuwazi ukuthi amaphupho angama-75-95% anezimo ezingokomzwelo?
Ososayensi bezinzwa baye babona ukuthi njengoba ubuchopho buhamba ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokulala, buba nezinguquko ezinqala ekusebenzeni kwe-neurochemistry nokusebenza kwayo. Izindawo ezihlobene nemizwa, njenge-amygdala, i-hippocampus ne-anterior cingulate cortex, ziyasebenza kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokulala, izinkumbulo ezingokomzwelo ziyahlanganiswa, kepha izimpendulo zokwesaba nazo ziyacinywa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukulala kahle ebusuku kunganciphisa umthelela ongokomzwelo wezimo ngokusisiza ukuthi sibone izinto ngokucacile. Ngakho-ke, ukuvumela ukuthi kudlule okungenani ubusuku obubodwa ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo esibalulekile futhi kuyisikhathi sokuphola.
Izimo ezi-2 lapho sidinga ukusebenzisa leso sikhathi sokucabanga
Yize kufanele sihlale sicabanga ngaphambi kokwenza okuthile, ukusebenzisa isikhathi sokupholisa kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezimbili, ngokusho kosomnotho uCR Sunstein noRH Thaler:
1. Izinqumo ezibalulekile ezingavamile. Uma kukhulunywa ngezinqumo esingajwayele ukuzenza, njengokukhetha idolobha ozothuthela kulo, imoto elandelayo oyothenga noma eyunivesithi, sidinga ukuma sicabange. Kulolu hlobo lwesinqumo asinakho okuhlangenwe nakho okuningi futhi kunezinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isikhathi sokupholisa esivumela ukuthi sibheke zonke izinketho futhi silinganise imiphumela.
2. Izimo ezingokomzwelo kakhulu. Lapho sizithola sisezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidala ukusabela okukhulu ngokomzwelo, njenge-misdiagnosis noma a inkinga yombhangqwana, sikuthola kunzima ukucabanga okunengqondo futhi sinamathuba amaningi okwenza izinqumo ngokuxhamazela esizisola ngazo kamuva. Kulezi zimo, isikhathi esipholile sizosivumela ukuthi siphinde sithole futhi siphinde sithole ukulawula ngokomzwelo ukuze sithathe isinqumo esihle kakhulu.
Kufanele ihlale isikhathi esingakanani le nkathi yokuphola?
Isikhathi sokuphola singahlala imizuzu embalwa noma izinsuku ezimbalwa. Wonke umuntu nazo zonke izimo zehlukile, ngakho-ke lesi sigaba sokubonisa kufanele sihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uma kuyisinqumo esibalulekile, ungahlehlisa ukuhlaba ikhefu izinsuku noma amasonto. Lokhu kuzokunikeza isikhathi sokuqoqa lonke ulwazi oludingayo uze uzizwe unesiqiniseko sokwenza isinqumo. Uma ubhekene nesimo sokungqubuzana esikhiphe imizwa yakho, isikhathi sokupholisa umoya kufanele sihlale isikhathi eside njengoba kuthatha ukuthatha imizwa yakho kabusha.
Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa ukuthi lesi sikhathi sokucabanga ngeke sibe izaba zokuhlehlisa noma ukugwema ukuthatha izinqumo. Akusona isikhathi sokukhohlwa inkinga noma impikiswano, kepha ukucabanga ngezimbangela zayo, ezinye izindlela nemiphumela.
Thatha isikhathi sokubonisa, yehlisa imizwa yakho futhi uthathe okudingekayo ibanga ngokwengqondo kuzosisiza ukuthi sihlole kangcono ezinye izindlela zethu futhi silindele imiphumela yezinqumo zethu. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ngeke sibe nephutha, kepha okungenani sizokwenza izinqumo zethu ngolwazi lwamaqiniso futhi sazi zonke izici ezihilelekile.
Isikhathi sokuphola akusona isiqinisekiso sempumelelo yokwenza izinqumo, kepha kunalokho luhlobo lokuvikelwa ekuxeketheni nasekungenangqondo. Imane ivimbele imbewu yokuphenduka ukuthi ingakhuli ngokuzayo.
Imithombo
I-Sunstein, CR & Thaler, RH (2008) A pequeño empujón. IMadrid: iTaurus.
UVan der Helm, E. & Walker, MP (2009) Ukwelashwa Kwasebusuku? Indima Yokulala Ekucutshungulweni Kobuchopho Bemizwa. Psychol Bull; 135 (5): 731-748.
U-Levin, R. & Nielsen, T. (2009) Amaphupho amabi, amaphupho amabi, kanye nokwehliswa kwemizwelo: Ukubuyekezwa kanye nemodeli entsha ye-neurocognitive yokuphupha. Imikhombandlela yamanje kwiSayensi Yezengqondo; 18 (2): 84-88.
Umnyango Isikhathi sokupholisa, isikhali semfihlo sokungazisoli ngezinqumo zakho yashicilelwa okokuqala ngo Ikhona lePsychology.
