Koda kuwa Wayewar Girka sananne ne don misogynistic maimakon ma'anar haƙuri mace, a gaskiya wannan yanzu za a iya la'akari da wani ɗan littafin hangen nesa, nannade a cikin wani halo cewa ya so ya adana da kuma wuce a kan. akidar kaskanci da ke tattare da siffar mata, amma da yawa majiyoyi sun gaya mana akasin haka.
A lokacin8 Maris, ranar mata ta duniya, yana da kyau a tuna yadda labarin "yantar da shi" ya fara a farkon wayewar kai har ma a cikin duniyar wasanni.
Girkawa sun samu a cikin tatsuniyar madubin da za su nuna kansu da tunaninsu. Wanene ya sani idan suna sane da cewa waɗancan tatsuniyoyi, al'adu da ɗabi'u za su farantawa zuriya da tarbiyya har zuwa karni na XNUMX. Kuma a cikin tatsuniya, to, a cikin tarihi da adabi na Girka, mun riga mun haɗu da jarumawa waɗanda suka tilasta kansu don 'yancinsu, don 'yancin kansu da kuma ƙarfinsu na zahiri.
Daya daga cikinsu shi ne Atalanta, ƙwararren mai tsere mai sadaukarwa ga baiwar Allah Artemis don haka ta kuduri aniyar zama budurwa, nesa da aure, a cikin dazuzzukan da ake so, inda ta girma. A gaskiya ma, Atalanta, wanda aka watsar da ita a lokacin haihuwa, mahaifinsa bai son shi wanda ya yi takaicin rashin samun ɗa, ya tsira daga fallasa a kan Dutsen Parthenon Godiya ga beyar da ke shayar da ita kuma mafarauta suka kubutar da ita kuma suka koya mata fasahar farauta.
Ta girma a cikin dazuzzuka don sautin tsere da yanci, wanda ba za ta taɓa barin ba, kin aure haka kuma saboda ba'a wanda idan ta yi aure za ta rikide ta zama dabba. Ga wadanda suka tambaye ta a matsayin matar aure, saboda haka, Atalanta, da sanin saurin da take ciki, ya ba da shawarar yin takara wanda idan mai neman ya ci nasara, zai aure ta, akasin haka, ta kashe shi. Koyaushe suna tabbatar da kansu a matsayin masu nasara, duk da haka, ranar ta zo lokacin da aka doke Atalanta.
Yana faruwa ne saboda aikin Hippomenes wanda, bisa shawarar allahiya na ƙauna, Aphrodite, ya tsara wani shiri. A lokacin tseren, matashin ya jefar da apples na zinariya da Atalanta ke shirin tattarawa a haka ya yi nasara kuma su biyun suka yi aure. Labarin Atalanta ba ya wakiltar komai sai wayewar tarihin wasanni wanda a koda yaushe mata suka shiga ciki. Idan tatsuniya ta ƙunshi tare da adana abin da ya shafi al'ummar wancan lokacin, to, muna iya cewa guje-guje, ilimin motsa jiki da wasanni sun kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwar mata.
Kuma ma fiye da haka, a cikin kafofin tseren yana da alaƙa da wani muhimmin lokaci a rayuwarsu: aure.
Sparta, Athens da Olympia suna ba mu shaida masu kayatarwa da ban sha'awa na yadda guje-guje ke wakiltar al'adar qaddamarwa, daga lokacin yaro zuwa na balaga don haka zuwa lokacin aure.
Theocritus ya rera mana shi a cikiIdyll XVIII, Epithalamium na Helena, na yadda kowace shekara ana gudanar da gasar tsere a Sparta don girmama Helena, wanda daga nan ne 'yan matan suka yi wahayi zuwa gare su a matsayin abin koyi, kuma manufar ita ce kammala tseren don nuna sauyin yanayi daga yanayin rashin aure zuwa na matar aure.
Bugu da ƙari, don bikin wannan sashe (yaranta - balaga - shekarun aure), 'yan matan sun gudu zuwa Athens a lokacin Arkteia (daga árktos=bear), bukukuwa don girmama Artemis, a lokacin, kamar yadda bincike na jijiyoyin jini ya tabbatar, ko dai tsirara ko kuma tare da dogayen riguna, tare da gajeren gashi ko gashin gashi sun sake haifar da yanayin "daji” irin ta-bayar da ke ƙauna ga Artemis, don bikin yaye a tseren al'ada.
Kuma daga Olimpia wanda ya zo sabon misali - na waɗanda aka sani har zuwa yanzu - na gasar tseren kafin aure. Wanda kawai yake magana game da shi shine masanin tarihi Pausanias wanda, a cikin littattafai V da VI na Periegesis na Girka, sadaukarwa ga Elis da Olympia, gaba daya gidan kayan gargajiya na bude-iska wanda ya bayyana a gabansa ya burge shi yayin da yake tafiya ta filin wasa na Olympia, gumakansa, Haikali na Zeus da Hera, baya kasa juyowa ya maida hankalinsa ga mata. Pausanias (karni na biyu AD) da alama a zahiri ba shi da tushe rashin kulawa ga siffar mace wanda ya gurɓata wani ɓangare na al'adar da ta shafi mata tsawon ƙarni. Ko da yake na musamman, ambaci Heraia, Gudun gasa don girmama allahiya Hera, wanda aka gudanar a Olimpia, mai yiwuwa bayan ko a hade tare da Olympics gaske. Akwai Mata 16 a matsayin alkalan gasar da kuma ‘yan mata marasa aure daga ko’ina Elis ne suka halarci gasar. Kyautar ta yi daidai da na gasar maza, kambi na zaitun, wani yanki na karsanar da aka sadaukar ga Hera da hotuna don sadaukarwa.
Wannan shine ciki inda tarihin mata a duniyar wasanni ciki yana farawa, dogon lokaci amma tare da lokaci yana ƙara ƙarfi da yanke hukunci. Abin da ya tabbata shi ne cewa daga tatsuniya halo da ke shawagi a kan tsoffin al'adun gargajiya, yayin da muke ci gaba a cikin ƙarni. Figures sun zama masu kaifi da shiga cikin rubuta sabon yanki na tarihi.
Haka ne Mun tuna Callipathera, ko da yaushe aka ambata ta mu Pausanias, kamar yadda na farko da kawai macen da ta bijirewa dokar Olympics mai tsauri da ta haramta shiga da shiga gasa mata, ƙarƙashin hukuncin hazo daga Dutsen Tipeo. Sai dai Callipatera, wadda jijiyar ta ke zuba jinin dangin wadanda suka yi nasara, ta horar da danta Pisidoro, kuma don kallon wasan da ya yi a gasar Olympics ta mayar da kanta a matsayin namiji. A lokacin nasara da farin ciki na Pisidore, Lokacin da ta hau kan shingen da aka tsare malaman wasannin motsa jiki, ta kasance tsirara kuma an gano ta. Duk da haka, saboda kasancewar dangin da suka yi nasara a gasar Olympics ba a hukunta su ba amma daga wannan lokacin ne wata sabuwar doka ta fara aiki, wajibcin kociyoyin shiga filayen gaba daya tsirara.
Da kuma maganar wasannin Olympics, da maganar mata, ta yaya ba za mu ambata ba mace ta farko da ta yi nasara a gasar Olympics? Yana da game da Cynisca, 'yar Sarkin Sparta, Archidamus II, ta yi nasara sau biyu: a cikin 396 BC da 392 BC.
Cynisca, Belistiche, Berenice II, duk wadanda suka lashe gasar Olympics, Mata ne suka fara yin tasiri a tarihin shigar mata cikin wasanni. A cikin ƙananan matakai, wanda ba a iya fahimta ba na dogon lokaci, sun wuce cikin shiru, abubuwan da suke amfani da su a yau suna samun murya a cikin sake karantawa, a cikin amsawar da ke kama da bukata, wani lokacin mawuyaci, zuwa a mayar musu da wani abu da aka kwashe, kamar yarda da cewa sun yanke kansu wuri a duniya har abada.
Idan gaskiya ne muna bukatar abubuwan da suka gabata domin kada mu bata, to watakila ya kamata mu zama ma fi son sani da kuma kirki ga labarin cewa, ko da yake mai nisa. har yanzu yana da abubuwa da yawa da zai faɗa kuma ya koya mana.
L'articolo Mata da wasanni: alfijir na 'yanci har yanzu yana ci gaba Daga An haifi wasanni.
