Ngale nqaku ndizimisele ukusungula uthotho lweempapasho ngomxholo we-Oedipus complex, ngenjongo yokuzisa abafundi kufutshane nesihloko abasenokuba beve ngaso, apho isikolo sikhumbula okanye mhlawumbi iintsomi kunye nokuhlaselwa kweengqondo zakudala ziqhelekile ezinxulunyaniswa., zifakwa ngaphakathi kwizitudiyo zazo ezibandayo nezixabisa kakhulu; Ndiza kuzama ukubonisa ukuba esi, ngokuchaseneyo, sisihloko esikho ngoku kunakuqala, esikhoyo nesiyiyo yonke, esinamandla nesingenakuphepheka, esibuthathaka nesintsonkothileyo, esisisombululo sakhe kunye nokoyisa ukukhula kwengqondo yomntu ngamnye kuxhomekeke, kuphela ).
Wonke umntu uyazi ibali lika Oedipus, Lowo uthotho lweziganeko wazifumana kwintengiso bulala utata kunye Tshata umama, bonke bengazi.
Ukungaziwa kuka-Oedipus kukungazi kwethu, kuba, njengoko siza kubona, oku kuguqukayo akuchaphazeli kuphela lo mlinganiswa uyintsomi, kodwa linqanaba elibalulekileyo kwimbali yengqondo kunye nokungazi mntu ngamnye kuthi; ukukhanyela lo mgaqo wobugqi akwenzi nto kodwa kusenza sifane ngakumbi no-Oedipus ngokwakhe, othi emva kokufumanisa iinyani ezoyikekayo, azimfamekise ekubeni angakwazi ukubona ilanga, amangqina olwaphulo-mthetho lwakhe, ephela ejikeleza ehlathini.
Masiqale kolu hambo ukuqala kwisivakalisi esithathiweyo Faust nguGoethe: "Into oyifumene njengelifa kooyihlo, Yifumane, ukuba uyafuna ukuyifumana."
Ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo, umntu ebenomdla kubudlelwane kunye nokulandelelana kwezizukulwana, ukuqala Umbono kaHesiod, apho embindini webali sifumana ungquzulwano lwangaphakathi phakathi kooyise noonyana; kwakhona, kwi intsomi sinemizekelo emininzi enxulumene notata-nyana "umzabalazo", cinga nje Zeus Ebaleka ingqumbo kayise Chrono, uya kubakhulula abantakwabo, angene esikhundleni sikayise. ngokwale mbono, indalo iphela isekwe ngokulandelelana kwezizukulwana.
I-Oedipus ikwakhona kwi Iintsomi zobuKristu: Ndibhekisa kwibali le eSt. Julian, obizwa ngokuba yi-parricide, othi kwi-iconography amelwe kwisenzo sokubulala abazali bakhe abagqibeleleyo nge-halo.
Kucacile ke ukuba le mifanekiso iphindaphindeka, ukusuka kwiintsomi ukuya kubuKrestu; imifanekiso ekrwada kunye nekhonkrithi ethe, nangona kunjalo, yenze utshintsho kwimbali: umsebenzi we uphawu, ethe ekuhambeni kwexesha yathatha indawo yezimvo ezinjalo; nangona kunjalo into ayitshintshi: umnqweno uhlala kwisiseko, kwanezikweko, ukoyisa ilifa looyise, njengakumazwi kaGoethe.
Ngaphambi Freud, ubugcisa babantu abuyihoyanga ubukhulu bokungazi, ishiya emthunzini yonke loo misebenzi yaphantsi komhlaba ebeka isimilo sokuziphatha okungenangqondo kwamadoda kwaye esimisela imbali yabo, kwindlela esuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye. Amandla eengcinga zikaFreudian lilele ekuqwalaseleni idini njengenye yeziphumo ezinokubakho zesakhiwo se-Oedipus kumntu wokuqala.
Isigwebo sikaGoethe esicatshulwe ngasentla sithathwa nguFreud kwi Itotem kunye neTaboo (Ngo-1912-1913) apho athathela ingqalelo into yokuba ubuntu buzifumene bujamelene nolwaphulo-mthetho lwantlandlolo apho isimilo, inkolo, imibutho, kwaye, ekugqibeleni, inguquko yezizukulwana. UFreud uthi eyona ntlangano indala yabantu yayiqulethwe "ngamabhanti" abesilisa abanamalungelo alinganayo, kodwa bephantsi kwemithetho yenkqubo. Ingqokelela yooyise; Ngenye imini aba bazalwana bamanyana, bambulala utata wabo bamtya, bephelisa amandla ooyise; kwisenzo sokutya utata, sokumfaka ngaphakathi, ukuzazisa kunye naye kuyenzeka. (3)
Nangona kunjalo, utata wakhe waba namandla ngakumbi akusweleka. Ukutyunyuzwa ngu imvakalelo yokuziva unetyala ukugwaza, oonyana bamisa i totem njengendawo ebambeleyo yooyise ngokungavumeli ukubulawa kwabo nokwala ukubabamba abafazi bentsapho. Yiyo loo nto kuzalwe "imithetho" emibini elawula ubudlelwane bokuqala phakathi kwamadoda, i Umnqweno.
Ngaphandle kokuseka i-Totem, i-sublimation yomntu ophikisayo, Umnqweno womntwana wokuthatha indawo katata-thixo awuyi kucinywa. Okona kuninzi, njengoko uFreud ngokwakhe esitsho, ezi drive ziya kufumana uhlobo olutsha lwentetho eyamkelweyo ekuhlaleni, imaski ye- iminqweno yesini Wonyana oza kuthi, ngokuziswa kwezolimo, afumane ukwaneliseka (okomfuziselo) ekusebenzeni kunye noMama woMhlaba.
Nangona kunjalo, ifayile ye- Imithetho yokukhutshwa kwe-totemic ihlala kwindawo engekho zingqondweni zabantu isenza ikhowudi elawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwezizukulwana, ubudlelwane buhlala buphawulwa "kukulangazelela konyana ukuthatha isikhundla sikathixo-utata". Ngapha koko, sithetha "ngekhowudi" yezizukulwana.
Ubungakanani bamanani wabazali abonakala njengonxibelelwano losasazo lwangaphakathi; kanye njengoko kufuneka sibuyele kwasekuseni kobuntu ukuze siqonde ezona minqweno zethu zakudala, ngendlela efanayo kubalulekile ukuxhomekeka kwixesha lobuntwana ukuba bazi iziseko zombutho wengqondo (nokuba ezi ziqhuba bazibonakalise ngokucacileyo nangamandla ngexesha lokufikisa)
Imizila yokuqala ye-Oedipus, eqondwa kwimbono yengqondo, inokufumaneka kwileta evela kuFreud eya kumhlobo wakhe I-Fliess (1897) kwaye, kamva, kwiUkutolika ngamaphupha (1900) nakwi Iimvavanyo ezintathu kwiTheory yezesondo (1905); Apha uFreud uthetha ngaye ubudlelwane bomama nomntwana, ubudlelwane bokuqala bendalo yonke ukuba umntu uphila; Umchaza umntwana njengomntu owabelana ngesondo, othi kubudlelwane bokuqala nomama aqale ngamandla ukwenza ilizwe lakhe langaphakathi. Ndicinga ukuba yinto engafunekiyo ukugxininisa ukubaluleka kobu budlelwane kuphuhliso olulandelayo lomntu.
Ukusuka kule ndawo yokujonga, ilizwe langaphakathi lomntwana, isazisi sakhe kunye namaxabiso akhe ahlelwe ukusuka Izimvo zabazali, yedwa kunye ngokunxulumene omnye nomnye; ezi zinto zangaphakathi zihlawuliswa ngokwendalo ngokuchaphazela okuhle nokungalunganga, amaxabiso aya kuthi abeke imeko kwisigaba esinye ukuya kwesinye.
Impazamo inokuba kukuvavanya umama notata kathathu ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba oomama nootata, bona, basungula ubudlelwane nomntwana ngokwesiseko seenguqu kwilizwe labo langaphakathi, eliya kuthi ke libe nempembelelo yokungazi. umgangatho wobudlelwane.
Sele ikhona engqondweni yomntwana ukumelwa kukatata (kunye nabazali ngokunxulumene nomnye nomnye), ongena kwi-dyad yobudlelwane bukamama nomntwana kwangethuba; Kuyathakazelisa ukukrwelela indlela ubukho / ukungabikho kukatata, uthando lwakhe \ intiyo, ikhwele lakhe \ ukuvuma ukunceda amanye amalungu amabini kanxantathu kunxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nesimo sengqondo soomama emntwaneni, ukuya kwinqanaba lokuguqula kunye nefuthe. kuye, emisa ngokucacileyo ukukhula kwendalo komncinci. Ilungu ngalinye likuthathu ngoko ke linemisebenzi noxanduva, kwaye ngokucacileyo abazali bakwimeko ephambili. Ukuhamba nomntwana embundwini we-Oedipus ngaphandle komothuko kuthetha ukuseta indawo yokuqalisa ekukhuleni ngokweemvakalelo nangokwesondo komntu (Mancia 1993).
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ekunxibelelaneni kukamama nomntwana enye iba yinto eyabelana ngesondo nenye kwaye ngokuchaseneyo; Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinto zibangela ukuba inkwenkwe nentombazana babe neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokufikela.
Ndiza kukhankanya ngokufutshane oku kulandelayo, okuza kuvavanywa kumanqaku alandelayo, ngenjongo yokucaciswa: ngokubhekisele emntwaneni, kufuneka ukungazichazi ngumama ukuchonga noyise (Greenson, 1968). Umntwana kuya kufuneka alandele ikhondo elifanayo ukuze akwazi ukuchonga kunye nomama (sine qua non imeko yokugqitywa kokuvuthwa ngokwesondo). Nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko zimbini zahlukile into yomnqweno: kumntwana umama uhlala, emntwaneni iya kuba ngumbuzo wokutshintsha umnqweno ukusuka kunina uye koyise. Umntu ke ngoko uya kuzifumana ekwindlela eyahlukileyo yokuchonga kunye notyalo-mali lwezinto ngokuxhomekeke kwisini.
Kule nqaku ndibeke phambili kumnqweno wokulandela umkhondo omfutshane wembali, ngaphandle kokungena kwimixholo ye-Oedipus, ukuyila kunye nomfundi indawo ekwabelwana ngayo engokomfuziselo ukusuka apho ukuya kumxholo; kumanqaku alandelayo intetho malunga ne-Oedipus iya kuqhubeka, kwinto ethethwa ngu-Antedipus, ngokubaluleka kwendima yoomama kunye neyotata kwimpilo kunye nokuchaneka ngokukuko kobu bunzima kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubo, ngakumbi ukuba kuyaqondwa ngokokudluliselwa kwenzalo . Ndigqibezela ngokulindela inqaku elilandelayo ngokubonakalisa: ukuba kunjalo injongo yohlalutyo Kukukwazi ukunceda isigulana emsebenzini wokwakha ngokutsha ilizwe laso langaphakathi, elinabantu abanyamezelayo nabadala babazali, singatsho ukuba eyona njongo yakhe iphambili iyagqitha, okt kuthatha umsebenzi wokudala ibhulorho phakathi kwezizukulwana, kwelinye icala, inika ingxelo ehambelanayo yomntu ongazi nto kwaye kwelinye icala, idlulisela umbono wehlabathi kunye neempawu zokubonisa ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.
