Nchiyani chimakupanga iwe wekha?
Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kufufuza bwinobwino umunthu wanu.
Umunthu ndi womwe umatifotokozera komanso umatisiyanitsa ndi ena, zomwe zimatipanga kukhala apadera komanso zimatsimikizira zomwe timachita kudziko lapansi. Ndi mawonekedwe amalingaliro, malingaliro ndi malingaliro omwe amatizindikiritsa ndipo amakhala okhazikika pakapita nthawi.
Makhalidwe aumunthu amatilola kulingalira momwe zochitika zina zidzakhudzire ife ndipo, panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuneneratu momwe tidzachitira pazochitika zina. Pachifukwachi, akatswiri a zamaganizo atha zaka zambiri akupanga njira zosiyanasiyana zodziwira umunthu.
Kodi mayeso a umunthu angakuuzeni chiyani?
Mayesero a umunthu amapangidwa mu mndandanda wa mafunso mu mawonekedwe a mafunso kapena zithunzi zosamveka, zomwe zimatchedwa testive test, zomwe zimayang'ana kufufuza mbali zosiyanasiyana za umunthu.
Ambiri mwa magulu amakono ndi mayesero a umunthu amachokera ku chiphunzitso cha Carl Jung, yemwe adafalitsa buku la "Psychological Types" mu 1921 momwe adalenga magulu anayi ogwira ntchito kuti afotokoze umunthu: kutengeka, chidziwitso, maganizo ndi kumverera.
Ndipotu, chimodzi mwa mayesero odziwika bwino a umunthu opangidwa ndi Katherine Cook Briggs ndi Isabel Briggs Myers amachokera ku chiphunzitso cha Jung cha umunthu. Mayesowa adapangidwa mu 1943 kuti athandizire kulemba anthu ogwira ntchito pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.
Briggs ndi Myers sanafune kuyika anthu m'magulu okhwima, koma adawona zowerengera ngati njira yothandizira anthu kumvetsetsa mphamvu ndi mikhalidwe yawo kuti athe kupindula nazo.
Kwenikweni, iwo ankafuna kusonyeza kuti aliyense akhoza kuchita bwino pa chinachake. Ndi zilembo zinayi zokha, Briggs ndi Myers adapanga chithunzi chosavuta komanso chabwino chomwe chimatithandiza kudziwana bwino. Anadalira mikhalidwe inayi kuti aphunzire umunthu:
• Extroversion (E) kapena Introversion (I)
• Chidziwitso (N) kapena Sensation (S)
• Lingaliro (T) kapena Kumverera (F)
• Chiweruzo (J) kapena Malingaliro (P)
Malinga ndi mayankho a mayesowa, mitundu 16 ya umunthu imakhazikitsidwa yomwe imafotokozera bwino momwe munthu aliyense amakhalira komanso zomwe amakonda.
Mayeso ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri paza psychology adapangidwa ndi Raymond Bernard Cattell. Kuchokera mu 1943 anatenga udindo womanga chida chomwe chimayesa miyeso yofunikira ya umunthu.
Kuti achite izi, adayamba kuchokera ku ntchito za Allport ndi Odbert, omwe adapeza ma adjectives pafupifupi 4.000 onena za umunthu wamunthu mudikishonale. Atawapenda mosamalitsa, anawaika m’magulu 180, amene pambuyo pake anawachepetsa kukhala 45 ndipo m’kupita kwa nthaŵi 16.
Zinthu za 16 zomwe Catell adafuna kuti ayese umunthu ndizo: kufotokoza, nzeru, kukhazikika, kulamulira, kutengeka, kugwirizana ndi gulu, kulimba mtima, kukhudzidwa, kusakhulupirira, kulingalira, kuchenjera, liwongo, kupanduka, kudzidalira, kudziletsa ndi kukangana.
Pamene kupatuka kwakukulu kumachitika pamayeso, amatengedwa ngati umboni wa kusagwirizana kwa umunthu. Zinthu zachiwiri izi ndi izi: nkhawa, kusakhazikika kwamalingaliro, nkhanza, kupsinjika kapena kukhumudwa.
Inde, pali mayesero ena ambiri a umunthu, koma kwenikweni onse amayesa kukhazikitsa chithunzi cholondola momwe angathere cha makhalidwe, makhalidwe, zokonda ndi zizoloŵezi za munthuyo, ponse paubwenzi ndi iyemwini komanso pochita zinthu ndi ena komanso ndi chilengedwe. .
Chifukwa chake, kuyesa umunthu kumatha kuwulula momwe mumafotokozera kapena kupondereza zakukhosi kwanu, kuchuluka kwanu kapena kuwonekera kwanu muubwenzi wapakati pa anthu, momwe mumakhalira oganiza bwino kapena opupuluma popanga zisankho, momwe mulili wofunikira pakuzindikira kwanu, kuchuluka kwa kudzipereka kwanu. mumawonetsa mubizinesi kapena momwe mumasangalalira ndi zatsopano.
Kudziwa Mtundu Wanu: Kodi Zingakupatseni Ubwino Wotani?
• Ndi cholinga choyambira kuti munthu adziwe
Tonsefe timakhala ndi tsankho lachiyembekezo tikamadzipenda tokha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti timakonda kudziona kuti ndife abwino. Timawalitsa mphamvu zathu ndikuyesera kubisa zolakwa zathu. Sitizichita nthawi zonse mozindikira, nthawi zambiri ndi msampha womwe kudzikonda kwathu kumatitengera. Komabe, ngati sitizindikira ndikuvomereza mithunzi yathu, sitingathe kukula.
Zikatero, kuyankha moona mtima mafunso a chiyeso cha umunthu wathu kungatipatse chithunzithunzi chabwino cha ife eni. Kungatithandize kumvetsa, mwachitsanzo, kuti timakhala okhudzidwa mopambanitsa ndi kudzudzulidwa, kudzikakamiza tokha, kapena kuti sitingathe kusintha. Kudziŵa zimenezi kudzatithandiza kuzindikira mbali zimene tingawongolere.
• Amapereka mafotokozedwe okuthandizani kuti mudzimvetse bwino
Mwina nthawi zonse mumadana ndi maphwando ambiri, kuyankhula pamaso pa anthu osawadziwa kapena kukakamizidwa, koma simunamvetsetse chifukwa chake. Kapena mwina mumafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo kuposa ena kuti mupange chosankha kapena kuti mukhale omasuka muzochitika zatsopano ndipo mumaganiza kuti izi zikukugwetsani pansi kapena ndi vuto.
Kuyesa umunthu kumatha kuyankha mafunso omwe mwakhala mukudzifunsa nthawi zonse za inu nokha. Zidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino makhalidwe, machitidwe ndi zokonda, komanso zinthu zomwe simukuzikonda kapena zomwe zimakuvutitsani kuzisamalira. Pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mutha kuwulula zochitika zamoyo zomwe zathandizira kulimbitsa umunthuwu, zomwe zingapangitse moyo wanu kukhala womveka komanso womveka.
• Imathandizira kupanga zisankho zofunika pamoyo
Chiyeso cha umunthu chidzakulolani kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe mumachita komanso zofooka zanu. Zili ngati maikulosikopu yoyang'ana pa inu yomwe ingatulutse mikhalidwe yanu ndi zomwe mumakonda. Zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi chithunzithunzi chomveka bwino cha yemwe inu muli panthawiyo, zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala kosavuta kupanga zosankha zofunika pamoyo.
Kudziwa makhalidwe anu, mwachitsanzo, kudzakuthandizani kusankha ntchito malinga ndi zomwe mumakonda zomwe mungathe kuchita bwino kapena kusankha ntchito yomwe mumamva bwino komanso yowala. Zimakupatsaninso mwayi wokonzekera mapu ofunikira, kusankha anthu omwe amakuthandizani komanso omasuka nawo, kapena kusankha zomwe zingakukwaniritseni. Zotsatira zake, mudzakhala osangalala komanso okhutira ndi zosankha zanu.
• Gwero la zovuta zatsopano kuti mupitirize kukula monga munthu
TheZotsatira zakutsogolo, chomwe chimatchedwanso cholakwika chotsimikizira munthu, chimachitika mukamakhulupirira zonena zomwe zitha kukhala zoona kwa anthu ena ambiri. Ngati ndi choncho, mukhoza kulola kuti mawu amenewo akhudze moyo wanu ndi kukhala ulosi wokwaniritsa wekha.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mutenga mayeso a umunthu, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito zotsatira zake kuti mukule. Ngati mukuwona kuti ndinu osadziwika bwino kapena muli pafupi ndi zochitika zatsopano, m'malo mozitenga ngati zenizeni zosasunthika, mukhoza kudzipereka nokha zovuta zomwe zimakuthandizani kukulitsa mbali za umunthu wanu.
Pambuyo pake, monga momwe kafukufuku wopangidwa ku yunivesite ya Edinburgh adavumbulutsira, sitili munthu yemweyo pa 14 monga momwe tilili ku 77. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wina wopangidwa ku yunivesite ya Warwick wasonyeza kuti kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika m'zaka ziwiri zokha. m'moyo wathu zomwe zingayambitse kusinthika kwaumunthu.
Pomaliza, ndi bwino kufotokoza kuti sikuli koyenera kuyesa umunthu uliwonse. Pali mayeso ambiri amunthu pa intaneti omwe samathandizidwa ndi sayansi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kudziwa mbiri yanu yamalingaliro, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha mayeso omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi nsanja yayikulu yothandizira m'maganizo.
Malire:
Harris, MA et. Al. (2016) Kukhazikika Kwaumunthu Kuyambira Zaka 14 mpaka Zaka 77 Zaka. Psychology ya Ukalamba; 31 (8): 862-874.
Boyce, CJ ndi. Al (2013) Kodi Umunthu Umakhazikika? Umunthu Umasintha Momwemo Zinthu Zachuma "Zosinthika" ndi Kuneneratu Mwamphamvu Kusintha kwa Moyo Wokhutitsidwa. Kafukufuku wa Zizindikiro Zamagulu; 111 (1): 287-305.
Pakhomo Mitundu ya umunthu: momwe mungadziwire mbiri yanu yamaganizidwe? idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
