"Sitikuwala pongoyerekeza kuwala, koma ndikupangitsa mdima kuzindikira", analemba Carl Jung. Koma kuzindikira ndi kuvomereza mithunzi yathu kumafunikira kulimbikira kugwira ntchito kwamaganizidwe komwe anthu ambiri samafuna - kapena sangachite - chifukwa alibe zida zofunikira zamaganizidwe.
Anthu amenewo nthawi zambiri amaponyera mthunzi wawo kwa ena. Kulephera kuthana ndi mbali zina za umunthu kapena moyo kumabweretsa nkhawa komanso kusowa chochita. Chifukwa chake, akathedwa nzeru ndi zovuta zina kapena "Ine" akuwopsezedwa ndi mithunzi yosavomerezeka yamkati, amakhazikitsa njira zodzitetezera monga kudziyerekeza kuti mudziteteze ku mavuto ndikupewa kuvutika.
Kuyerekeza ngati njira yodzitchinjiriza
Kuwonetsera ndi njira yodzitetezera yomwe imateteza "I" yathu pofotokozera ena zakukhosi, zolimbikitsa kapena zosavomerezeka zomwe sizingavomereze kwa ife. Tikakhulupirira kuti malingaliro, malingaliro, zikhumbo kapena zizolowezi zina ndizolakwika ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi chithunzi chathu - chifukwa zimatipangitsa kukhala amwano, osayenera, onyozeka kapena oyipa - kukana kukhalapo kwawo ndi njira yopewa kusamvana. kusapeza komwe angapangitse.
Lingaliro la kuyerekezera mu psychology limachokera kwa Freud, yemwe adayamba kunena za njirayi m'kalata yochokera ku 1895. Mmenemo adafotokoza wodwala yemwe amapewa kuthana ndi manyazi ake poganiza kuti anansi ake akumunena. Mwanjira imeneyi adateteza mawonekedwe ake ndipo sanasunthire chifukwa chenicheni chochititsa manyazi.
Pambuyo pake, Carl Jung ndi Marie-Louise von Franz adathetsa lingaliro la kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe ngati njira yodzitetezera. Adanenanso kuti kuyerekezera kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutiteteza ku mantha a zosadziwika. Malinga ndi ma psychoanalystswa, pamene sitimvetsetsa zinthu zina - zathu kapena dziko lapansi - timakonda kupanga malingaliro azakale ngati gawo la zomwe timachita mwachilengedwe pakufuna kuti dziko lapansi likhale malo odalirika, olamulirika, komanso odekha.
Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, tikamafotokozera munthu wina zakukhosi kwathu, zomwe timachita zimapewa kukhumudwa kwathu. Kuchita polojekiti motero kumakhala chisokonezo chomwe chimatilola kunyalanyaza wolakwira weniweni, vuto lamkati lomwe limabwera chifukwa cholephera kusamalira zosagwirizana izi ndi mithunzi ndi kukhwima.
Zitsanzo za kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku
Kuwonera ndi njira yodziwika bwino m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa pamene munthu alibe chidaliro komanso kukhwima kuti avomereze ziwalo zawo zomwe sakonda, zimakhala zosavuta kuti aloze wina chala ndikusuntha mbali zawozo Maganizo osasangalatsa.
Chifukwa chake, kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe kumatha kuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana, ngati chochitika chodzipatula komanso ngati njira yomwe imadzibwereza nthawi zonse muubwenzi. Nthawi zambiri njirayi imayendetsedwa kuti tipewe kuwona zomwe zimayambitsa. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kutinena kuti ndife odzikonda kapena okwiya pamene kwenikweni ali odzikonda kapena okwiya.
Angatinenenso kuti ndife osakhulupirika kuti tibise kusakhulupirika kwake kapena kuopa kutayidwa chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti siwokwanira kapena wokondedwa mokwanira. M'malo mwake, mu maubale, kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe ndi njira yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa. Nsanje ndi kumuneneza popanda umboni wosakhulupirika, mwachitsanzo, zitha kubisa kuti munthuyo wakopeka ndi wina ndipo, m'malo movomereza, amuneneza mnzake pomufotokozera zomwe akufuna.
Anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zodzisokoneza kapena zowanyengerera nthawi zambiri amapitilira ziwonetsero. Anthuwa atha kudandaula kuti nthawi zonse timapempha chidwi kapena amati timangopereka zosowa zathu patsogolo pomwe iwowo ndiomwe amachita motere. Zimakhalanso kuti amatiimba mlandu pazomwe zidasokonekera chifukwa chosatenga udindo wawo, kuti achititse manyazi kapena kulephera kwa ife.
Chiyerekezo ndi "buledi wa lero ndi mawa njala"
Kuwonetsera sikukondera aliyense, ngakhale iwo omwe amapanga mthunzi wawo kapena iwo omwe amakhala zotengera zawo.
Munthu amene mithunzi imamuponyera amakhala pachiwopsezo chokhala ngati "wosamalira malingaliro" kapena, choyipa kwambiri, mbuzi. Ngati ali okonda kutengeka mtima, atha kukhala ngati "masiponji okhudza mtima”Kutenga mkwiyo wonse, manyazi, kukhumudwa kapena nkhawa zomwe ena sangathe. Zotsatira zake, azinyamula zolakwa za ena paphewa, cholemetsa chomwe pamapeto pake chidzakhala cholemetsa kwambiri ndipo pamapeto pake chidzafooketsa malingaliro awo.
Sizachilendo kuti, chifukwa chakuwonetseratu kopitilira muyeso, timalingalira kuti ndife olakwa, osatetezeka komanso mikhalidwe yolakwika ya ena, ndikuphatikizira iwo mu umunthu wathu. Mwachitsanzo, kholo lomwe silinathe kuchita bwino pantchitoyo lingauze mwana wawo kuti: "Simupita kulikonse" o "Osayesa ngakhale". Mwa kuwonetsa nkhawa zake kwa mwanayo, mwanayo amatha kuyika uthengawo, ndikukhulupirira kuti sangachite bwino chifukwa chake sangayese.
Ngakhale munthu amene amapanga ntchito samatuluka osasweka. Zowona kuti njira zodzitetezera ndi njira yosinthira momwe timamasulira zochitika kapena momwe timamvera za izi, koma sizisintha zenizeni. M'malo mwake, kusunga malingaliro osavomerezeka ndi zikhumbo zathu m'maganizo mwathu kumadzetsa chiopsezo "chabodza" chathu.
Monga Jung adati, “Zomwe umakana zimakugonjera. Zomwe mumavomereza zimakusandulizani ”. Tiyenera kutero landirani mithunzi kukula. Ngati sititero, ngati tikapitiliza kufotokozera ena za kusatetezeka kwathu, mtengo wachitetezo chimenecho ndi kulephera kulimbikitsa kulimba mtima ndikukhwima.
Ngakhale kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe kumateteza kudzidalira kwathu pakupangitsa zovuta kukhala zolekerera, chitetezo chotetezeracho chimakhala chofooka kwambiri ndipo chimatha kutha pomwe sitimayembekezera.
Momwe mungazindikire kuyerekezera kwamaganizidwe?
Kuwonetsa ziwonetsero sikophweka nthawi zonse, koma chidziwitso chofunikira nthawi zambiri chimakhala champhamvu modabwitsa komanso chosagwirizana. Tikawona kuti tikupitilira muyeso - kapena kuti wina akuchita mopambanitsa - ndizotheka kuti tikufotokozera za kusatetezeka kwathu.
Muubwenzi, ziwonetsero zimawonekera chifukwa kusamvana sikutha. Zokambirana zomwezo zimabwerezedwa kangapo, kugwera mozungulira mopanda malire, chifukwa chipani chimodzi sichizindikira udindo wawo, koma chimangokhalira kukakondana china. Mwa kudziwonetsa kuti ndi wolakwa kwa wina amene sangakwanitse, kuzungulira kumadzidyetsa wokha.
Chizindikiro china chomwe chimatulutsa chiwonetserochi ndi pomwe timakhumudwa, kukwiya kapena kukwiya ndi winawake, koma sitingathe kumvetsetsa komwe kumvereraku kumachokera kapena khalidwe lomwe lidayambira. Nthawi zambiri, tazindikira mwa munthu ameneyo - mosazindikira - chikhalidwe chathu chomwe timakana kuzindikira.
Imani ziwonetsero
Tikapeza chiyerekezo, chinthu chabwino ndikubwerera m'mbuyo. Ngati ndife omwe tikuwonetsera, tiyenera kuchoka pamkangano kuti titalikirane ndi zomwe zimatipondereza komanso kutizunza. Chifukwa chake titha kuganiza mozama.
Zikatero, tiyenera kupenda mikanganoyo poyesa kungoganizira zowona. Chifukwa chake tifunika kuwunika momwe zidatipatsira komanso momwe zidatikhudzira, kuyambira momwe tidamvera mpaka malingaliro omwe adabwera m'mutu mwathu. Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chikutivutitsa? Malingaliro kapena malingaliro aliwonse omwe tidakana mwachangu? Apa ndipomwe tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri. Tiyenera kudzifunsa tokha tanthauzo lake kwa ife ndi chifukwa chomwe sitingalandire.
Ngati wina ayesa kutiponyera mithunzi, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikukhazikitsa zotchinga zomwe zingatilepheretse kuyambitsa mantha, kusadzidalira komanso kudzimva ngati olakwa. Titha kuyankha momveka bwino: "Sindikugwirizana nanu" o "Sindikuwona choncho." Chifukwa chake titha kupotoza chiwonetserochi ndipo mwachiyembekezo titha kumulimbikitsa munthuyo kuti aganizire momwe akuwonera kuti atenge udindo wofanana nawo.
Malire:
Gabbard GO, Litowitz, BE, & Williams, P. (2012) Buku Lolemba la Psychoanalysis. Nueva York: Kusindikiza kwama Psychiatric ku America.
McWilliamsN (2011) Kuzindikira Kwa Psychoanalytic: Kumvetsetsa Kapangidwe Kake mu Njira Yachipatala. New York: Guilford.
Epstein S (1994). Kuphatikiza kwakumvetsetsa komanso kusazindikira kwamisala. Katswiri Wazamisala waku America; 49:709-724 .
Pakhomo Kuyerekeza kwamaganizidwe, anthu omwe amatidzudzula chifukwa cha mithunzi yawo idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
