Ana safuna zitsanzo zina zoti atsatire, koma azingodzitengera okha. Safuna mafano kuti atsanzire, koma malo kuti akulitse umunthu wawo. Iwo safunikira kugwirizana ndi anthu otchuka kapena otchuka, koma kugwirizanitsa kudzidalira kwawo. Safuna maphunziro omwe amawakakamiza kuyang'ana machitidwe oti atengere, koma zomwe zimawapatsa zida kuti akhale anthu apadera, omasuka komanso odzipangira okha.
Supermarket ya mafano ndi makhalidwe abwino
"Kodi ungafune kukhala ndani?"
Funso linafunsidwa ndi mphunzitsi wa m’kalasi mwanga ndili ndi zaka 9.
Poyamba zinandidabwitsa. Kenaka, pamene anzanga ena onse a m’kalasi anayamba kutchula mayina a anthu a mbiri yakale kapena otchuka, ubongo wanga unayamba kugwira ntchito movutikira kufunafuna chitsanzo chimene ndinkafuna kutsanzira.
Sindinapeze imodzi.
Sikunali kudzikuza kapena umbuli. Panali anthu amene ndinkawasirira. Kumene. Koma panali ambiri, ochuluka kwambiri, ndipo koposa zonse, sizinali zomveka kukhala ngati aliyense wa iwo chifukwa pa msinkhu umenewo ndinali nditadziwa kale kuti ndine munthu. munthu wosiyana. Ife tonse tiri.
Mwana aliyense amene angayankhe kuti “Ndikufuna kukhala ndekha” ku funsoli adzadabwitsa aphunzitsi chifukwa maphunziro athu apangidwa kuti akondweretse anthu omwe ali ndi makhalidwe ovomerezeka. Ana amayembekezeredwa kuwawona monga zitsanzo. Asiyeni akumane ndi mafano awo ndikuyesera kukhala ofanana. Asiyeni iwo ayike muyeso wawo pamene anthu amenewo anachiyika icho.
Panthawi ina, mafano akale akayamba kutha ntchito ndipo sasonyezanso makhalidwe amene anthu amafuna kulimbikitsa, anthu amafunafuna zatsopano. Tsoka ilo, zikhalidwe zambiri zatsopano zomwe zimalimbikitsa kusiyanasiyana ndi kukhulupilika sikungowonjezera kachitidwe kakale kameneka, kungosintha kapena kukulitsa zitsanzo kuti zitsatire.
Chifukwa chake, "ufulu" wa ana umangokhala kusankha m'sitolo yodzaza ndi mafano omwe amapikisana kuti akope otsatira ambiri. Koma ufulu weniweni suphatikiza kusankha pakati pa zotheka zokonzedweratu ndi ena, umaphatikizapo kukhala omanga tsogolo lathu, pozindikira omwe tikufunadi kukhala. Ufulu si kusankha, koma kupanga. Ufulu si kutengera munthu, koma kukhala chimene inu mukufuna kukhala.
Ufulu sutanthauza kanthu, pokhapokha ngati ukutanthauza ufulu wokhala wekha
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri takhala tikukhulupirira kuti kukhalapo kwa mafano ndi zitsanzo kwa achinyamata ndi ana ndi zabwino chifukwa kumawapatsa "malingaliro" ndikuthandizira kukulitsa mwa iwo zomwe anthu amayembekezera. Choncho, n’kovuta kuganiza za mtundu wina wa maphunziro. Ndipotu, pali anthu amene amakhulupirira kuti maphunziro opanda anthu achitsanzo chabwino amatanthauza kugwera m’chigwirizano cha makhalidwe abwino.
Komabe, maphunziro amtundu wina ndi otheka. Takhala nazo kale, koma tiyenera kuyang'ana kumbuyo kuti tipeze: tiyenera kubwerera ku nthawi za Pre-Socrates. Maphunziro amenewo, okhudza kukulitsa luso la kufunsa mafunso ndi kuganiza kodziyimira pawokha, adayambitsa anthanthi akulu masiku ano omwe aiwalika komanso osamvetsetseka, monga Anaximander, Heraclitus, Anaximedes, Parmenides, Anaxagora, Protagora ndi ena ambiri.
Maphunziro amenewo sanali kudzaza maganizo, koma kuwatsegula. Cholinga sichinali kupatsa ophunzira zitsanzo zabwino, koma kuwatsogolera kuti akhale momwe amafunira. Mwachiwonekere, maphunziro amtunduwu ndi "owopsa" chifukwa amatulutsa anthu odziyimira pawokha, okhoza kuganiza ndi kusankha okha, m'malo mongosankha kuchokera kumalo osungiramo mafano odziwika bwino kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chomwe chilipo.
Mulimonsemo, ana athu safuna mafano ena omwe amawatsekereza m'maganizidwe ndi machitidwe omwe adakonzedweratu, nthawi zambiri amatsutsana wina ndi mzake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azigwirizana. Iwo safunikira kuphunzitsidwa kuyang’ana mafano kunja, koma amalimbikitsidwa kuyang’ana mkati kuti adziŵe amene akufuna kukhala. Miyezo siyenera kukhazikitsidwa mokwera kwambiri moti sangafike kapena kutsika kwambiri kuti alemedwe ndi kuthekera kwawo.
Mwachidule, ana safuna zitsanzo zodzizindikiritsa okha mpaka kuchepetsa chuma chawo chachibadwa kukhala zolemba zochepa, koma m'malo mwake ufulu wofufuza ndikudziwonetsera ngati anthu apadera komanso osabwerezabwereza omwe iwo ali. Cholinga cha maphunziro sikupangitsa ana kukhala "oyenera" mwa njira iliyonse yotheka ku machitidwe omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale, koma kupanga mipata yodziwonetsera yokha yomwe imalimbikitsa kutsimikizika, ufulu woganiza komanso kuvomereza kudzikonda.
Iyi ndi mphatso yaikulu kwambiri imene tingapatse ana athu chifukwa, monga momwe Ralph Waldo Emerson analembera, "Kupambana kwakukulu m'moyo ndikukhala wekha, m'dziko lomwe nthawi zonse likuyesera kukusandutsani munthu wina."
Pakhomo Ana safuna zitsanzo zambiri, koma ufulu wochuluka kuti akhale iwo eni idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
