Thekumvera ena chisoni ndi guluu wamphamvu. Ndi chimene chimatilola kudziika tokha mu nsapato za ena. Ndi luso limenelo lomwe limatithandiza kuzindikira ndi kudzizindikiritsa tokha ndi ena, osati kumvetsetsa malingaliro ndi malingaliro ake, komanso kukhala nawo. maganizo ndi malingaliro.
Ndipotu pali mitundu iwiri ya chifundo. Chisoni chachidziwitso ndi chomwe chimatilola kuzindikira ndikumvetsetsa zomwe winayo akumva, koma kuchokera pamalingaliro anzeru, osakhudzidwa pang'ono.
Chidziwitso chachifundo ndikutha kufotokoza molondola, kulosera, ndi kutanthauzira momwe ena akumvera, koma osaganizira mozama. Komabe, kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri pothandiza ena mwa kudziteteza ku ziyambukiro zowononga zamaganizo zimene kudziwika mopambanitsa ndi zowawa ndi kuzunzika kwa ena kungayambitse. Inde, ndi maziko a kumveketsa bwino.
Kumbali ina, chifundo chamaganizo kapena chokhudza mtima chimachitika pamene pali kachitidwe kokhudza mtima komwe timadzizindikiritsa ife eni tokha kwambiri ndi malingaliro a winayo kotero kuti tingawamve m'thupi lathu. Mwachionekere, pamene chifundo cham’maganizo chili chopambanitsa ndi kudzizindikiritsa ndi winayo pafupifupi pafupifupi kotheratu, kungatifooketse, kumatilepheretsa kukhala othandiza.
Kaŵirikaŵiri, tikakhala achifundo, timagwiritsira ntchito kulinganiza pakati pa ziŵirizo, chotero timatha kuzindikira malingaliro a munthu winayo mwa ife tokha, koma tingathenso kumvetsetsa zimene zikumchitikira kuti tiwathandize mogwira mtima. Koma zonse zikuwoneka kuti zikuwonetsa kuti izi zikusintha pakapita zaka.
Chidziwitso chachifundo chimachepa ndi zaka
M'malingaliro odziwika bwino pali lingaliro lakuti okalamba samamvetsetsa kwenikweni. Timakonda kuwaona ngati okhwima komanso osalolera, makamaka kwa achichepere. Akatswiri a zamaganizo ochokera ku yunivesite ya Newcastle aphunzira chodabwitsa ichi kudzera mu prism yachifundo.
Adalemba anthu akuluakulu 231 azaka 17 mpaka 94. Poyamba, anthu ankaonetsedwa zithunzi za nkhope ndi mavidiyo a anthu ochita zisudzo amene anafunsidwa kuti asonyeze mmene akumvera. Ophunzira adayenera kuzindikira momwe akumvera ndikusankha ngati zithunzi ziwirizi zikuwonetsa malingaliro omwewo kapena osiyana.
Pambuyo pake, anaona zithunzi 19 za anthu ochita nawo mapwando kapena zochitika zinazake. Munthawi iliyonse, ophunzira adayenera kuyesa kudziwa zomwe wotsogolerayo akumva (kumvera chisoni) ndikuwonetsa momwe amamvera (kumvera chisoni).
Ofufuzawo sanapeze kusiyana kwakukulu mu chifundo chachikondi, koma gulu la anthu okalamba kuposa 66 linapeza zovuta pang'ono pakumvera chisoni. Izi zikusonyeza kuti okalamba angakhaledi ndi vuto lofotokoza molongosoka ndi kumasulira maganizo a ena.
Kutayika kwachidziwitso kapena makina osinthika?
Mndandanda wina wa kafukufuku wochitidwa mu gawo la sayansi ya ubongo umavumbula kuti zigawo zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo za chifundo zimathandizidwa ndi maukonde osiyanasiyana a ubongo omwe amalumikizana wina ndi mzake.
M'malo mwake, kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku Yunivesite ya California adapeza kuti chifundo chanzeru komanso chokhudzidwa chimakhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zachitukuko. Ngakhale chifundo chokhudzidwa chimadalira zigawo zakale zaubongo, makamaka dongosolo la limbic, monga amygdala ndi insula, chifundo chamalingaliro chikuwoneka kuti chimadalira zigawo zomwe zimafanana ndi Theory of Mind zomwe zimafuna kukonzanso zambiri, monga kuthekera kolepheretsa athu. mayankho ndikuyika pambali malingaliro athu kuti tidziyike tokha m'malo a ena.
Momwemonso, akatswiri azamisala pa Yunivesite ya Harvard adapeza kuti achikulire ena amawonetsa kuchepa kwa zochitika m'magawo ofunikira omwe amakhudzidwa ndi njira zachifundo, monga dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, yomwe imaganiziridwa kuti ndi gawo lofunikira mu network yachidziwitso chachifundo mwa achichepere. .
Kufotokozera kotheka kwa chodabwitsa ichi ndikuti kuchepa kwachidziwitso komwe kumachitika mwa okalamba kumatha kukhudza chifundo chamalingaliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti atuluke m'malingaliro awo kuti adziyike muzochita za ena ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika kwa iwo.
Kumbali inayi, kafukufuku adachitika pa Yunivesite ya National Yang-Ming imapereka kufotokozera kwina. Malingana ndi ochita kafukufukuwa, mayankho okhudzana ndi chidziwitso ndi chifundo chokhudzidwa amakhala odziimira pazaka zambiri.
M’chenicheni, zawonedwanso kuti okalamba amalabadira mwachifundo kwambiri kusiyana ndi achichepere pamikhalidwe yoyenerera kwa iwo. Izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti pamene tikukula timakhala ozindikira kwambiri za momwe "timawonongera" mphamvu zathu zachifundo.
Mwina kuchepa kwa chifundo kumeneko ndi chifukwa cha ukalamba ndi nzeru njira zodzitetezera zimene zimatithandiza kudziteteza ku mavuto ndipo zimatipangitsa kusiya kudandaula kwambiri.
Malire:
Kelly, M., McDonald, S., & Wallis, K. (2022) Chifundo kwa zaka zambiri: "Ndikhoza kukhala wamkulu koma ndikumvabe". Neuropsychology; 36 (2): 116-127.
Moore, RC ndi. Al. (2015) Zosiyana za neural correlates za chifundo chamaganizo ndi chidziwitso mwa okalamba. Kafukufuku wama Psychika: Neuroimaging; 232:42-50 .
Chen, Y. et. Al. (2014) Ukalamba umagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa ma neural circuits omwe ali pansi pa chifundo. Neurobiology ya Kukalamba; 35 (4): 827-836.
Pakhomo Chidziwitso chachifundo: Kodi timaphunzira kusunga "mphamvu zachifundo" pamene tikukalamba? idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
