Mu 1972, pulogalamu ya Federal Commission Trade a ku United States adapereka lamulo loti kugulitsa kulikonse khomo ndi khomo kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi cholembedwa chodziwitsa wogula ufulu wosiya kugula pasanathe masiku atatu kuchokera pomwe wagulitsa. Lamuloli lidaperekedwa chifukwa chodandaula kwa ogula za njira zogulitsa mwankhanza komanso mapangano otsika.
Akatswiri azachuma amatcha iyi "nthawi yozizira" ndipo zingakhale zomveka kuyigwiritsa ntchito pazofunikira zomwe zingasinthe miyoyo yathu, komanso kwa iwo omwe zingachitike mosayembekezereka chifukwa sitingathe kuwongolera mitundu yonse.
Kodi nthawi yozizira ndiyotani?
Nthawi yotentha ili ngati kupuma kaye kaye kuganiza musanapange chisankho. Ndikupuma komwe timatenga tisanalankhule chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo, nthawi yomwe timaganizira tisanasankhe.
Nthawi yozizira ndiyofunikanso kupanga chisankho musanagone. Kodi mumadziwa kuti 75-95% ya maloto amakhala ndi malingaliro?
Akatswiri a sayansi ya sayansi ya zamoyo awona kuti pamene ubongo umadutsa nthawi zosiyanasiyana tulo, umasintha kwambiri kagwiritsidwe kake ka ubongo ndi kagwiridwe kake. Madera okhudzana ndi kutengeka, monga amygdala, hippocampus ndi anterior cingate cortex, amakhala otakataka.
Pakugona, zokumbukira zimaphatikizidwa, koma mayankho amantha nawonso amazimitsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugona tulo tokwanira kumachepetsa kukhudzidwa kwazinthu mwakutithandiza kuwona zinthu bwino. Chifukwa chake, kulola kuti pakadutse usiku umodzi musanapange chisankho chofunikira kumakhalanso nthawi yopumula.
Nthawi ziwiri zomwe tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yowunikirayi
Ngakhale tifunika kuganiza nthawi zonse tisanachite chilichonse, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira ndikofunikira makamaka, malinga ndi akatswiri azachuma a CR Sunstein ndi RH Thaler:
1. Zosankha zofunikira pafupipafupi. Pokhudzana ndi zisankho zomwe nthawi zambiri sitimapanga, monga kusankha mzinda kuti tisamukire, galimoto yotsatira kukagula kapena kuyunivesite, tiyenera kuyimilira ndikuganiza. Pazisankho zamtunduwu sitidziwa zambiri ndipo pali zinthu zambiri zomwe timasewera, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira yomwe imalola kuti tiwone zosankha zonse ndikuwona zotsatirapo zake.
2. Zovuta kwambiri. Tikadzipeza tili m'mavuto omwe amachititsa chidwi chachikulu, monga kusazindikira kapena a mavuto awiri, zimativuta kuganiza mwanzeru ndipo timatha kusankha zinthu mopupuluma zomwe pambuyo pake timanong'oneza nazo bondo. Pazinthu izi, nthawi yakukhazikika idzatilola kuti tikhalenso bata ndikubwezeretsanso mphamvu kuti tisankhe bwino.
Kodi nthawi yozizira imeneyi iyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Nthawi yozizira imatha kukhala mphindi zochepa kapena masiku angapo. Munthu aliyense ndi mkhalidwe uliwonse ndi wosiyana, chifukwa chake gawo ili lowunikira liyenera kukhala bola momwe kungafunikire.
Ngati ndi chisankho chofunikira, mutha kuyimitsa kaye kwa masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Izi zidzakupatsani nthawi yosonkhanitsa zonse zomwe mungafune mpaka mutadzidalira pakupanga chisankho. Ngati mukukumana ndi mkangano womwe udatulutsa kutengeka kwanu, nthawi yoziziritsa iyenera kukhalapo malinga ngati zimatenga nthawi kuti muyambirenso kukwiya.
Ndikoyenera kufotokozera kuti nthawi yowunikayi siyingakhale chifukwa chomazengelezera kapena kuzemba kupanga zisankho. Ino si nthawi yakuiwala vuto kapena kusamvana, koma kuganizira zomwe zimayambitsa, njira zina ndi zotsatirapo zake.
Tengani nthawi yosinkhasinkha, khazikitsani mtima pansi ndikutenga zofunikira mtunda wamaganizidwe zitithandiza kuwunika bwino njira zathu ndikuyembekezera zotsatirapo za zisankho zathu. Izi sizitanthauza kuti sitidzalakwitsa, koma osachepera tidzapanga zisankho zathu ndikudziwa zowona ndikudziwa zonse zomwe zikukhudzidwa.
Nthawi yakukhazikika si chitsimikizo pakupanga zisankho bwino, koma mtundu wa chitetezo kuthana ndi kukakamizidwa komanso kusazindikira. Zimangolepheretsa mbewu zakulapa kukula mtsogolo.
Malire:
Sunstein, CR & Thaler, RH (2008) Pequeño empujón. Madrid: Taurus.
Van der Helm, E. & Walker, MP (2009) Therapy Overnight? Udindo Wogona mu Kukonza Maganizo Amubongo. Psychol Bull; 135 (5): 731-748.
Levin, R. & Nielsen, T. (2009) Zowopsa, maloto oyipa, komanso kusokonezeka kwamalingaliro: Kuwunikiranso komanso mtundu watsopano wamaloto. Malamulo Amakono mu Psychological Science; 18 (2): 84-88.
Pakhomo Nthawi yozizira, chida chobisalira kuti musamve chisoni ndi zisankho zanu idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
