Isobho lenkawu, izithelo nophudingi - yilokho okwake kwadliwa yizigebengu

Wake wazibuza lokho okudliwe yizigebengu ICaribbean emikhunjini? Uma siyazi namuhla futhi singakhuluma ngayo, ingaphezu kwakho konke ukubonga umbhali waseFrance UMelani Le Bris. Empeleni nguye owabhala I-Filibusta Cuisine, umbhalo oheha kakhulu wenani elikhulu le-anthropological selokhu wabhalwa kusuka ezincwadini zama-pirates nakuma-freebooter. Ishicilelwe yindlu yokushicilela yakwa-Eleuthera okokuqala ngqa ngo-2003, yaze yashicilelwa kweminye imibhalo emibili ngo-2010 nango-2020, le ncwadi iyaqhubeka nokuthokozisa nokuvutha ngomqondo ofanayo nangomdlandla ofanayo. Namuhla siveza ezinye izici zalo mhlaba, kodwa hhayi eziningi kakhulu, ngoba ithemba ukuthi nawe uzowuthenga lo mbhalo. Ngakho-ke ake siqale lolu hambo oluyingxenye kwezinye izikhathi nakwezinye izindawo, lezo zekhishi le-filibusta, phakathi kwezindaba nezingcaphuno ezivela encwadini. Kepha qaphela: funda kuphela uma unezisu eziqinile.

Kusuka ekudleni kwe-filibusta kuya kukudla kwaseCaribbean, umhlangano phakathi kwamathonya ahlukile

cunt "Filibusta" ziyakhombisa bonke labo baphangi kanye nama-corsairs abizwa ngama-freebooter okwathi, phakathi kuka-500 kanye no-800, base bethole i- "Incwadi yokuvakasha", okusho ukuthi, isabelo esenziwa ohulumeni babo baseFrance, baseNgilandi nabaseDashi bokuhlasela baphange iziqhingi, izimpahla nezindawo ezitholwe abaseSpain, ikakhulukazi abaseCaribbean. Ngakho-ke bangabantu abahamba ngokwemvelo nomsebenzi wabo, bavumelana nezimo, baxube, bathola; yingakho imihlaba yangempela yathuthukiswa emikhunjini yabo, njengoba kungabonakala kahle ezitsheni abazilungisile. Eqinisweni, singacabanga ukuthi abaphangi babe ngabalingiswa abakhohlakele, abanolaka futhi abathukile, kepha empeleni babekwazi ukwenza izinto ezinhle ekhishini, ngezitsha eziyinkimbinkimbi nezicace bha. Ngokuyinhloko, incwadi esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni ikhombisa ukuthi ukuzalwa kwe- the Ukudla kwaseCaribbean, ekuqaleni kwayo, kwakuyi-cuisine ye-filibusta ngqo.

Njengoba uMichel Le Bris, ubaba womlobi, ebhala esethulweni, kungani uchaza le cuisine ngokuthi “yiCaribbean”, kanti ingabizwa ngokufanelekile ngokuthi yi-free kick? Empeleni ayitholakali kuphela kubantu base-indie ababekhona ngesikhathi sokunqoba, kepha yi- umkhiqizo womhlangano phakathi kwamathonya ahlukene. Ngamafuphi, amandla olwandle okufanele ahlangane futhi ahlanganiswe! Ngaphezu kwalokho, "okunye" kuhlala kuyinto ehlehliselwe isikhathi samakoloni: namuhla akusenangqondo, umhlaba ungumphumela wokuhlanganiswa, ubunikazi ngokwabo buyinhlanganisela futhi konke kuxubile. Amasiko manje asikhombisile ukuthi axhumene futhi anemingcele ewela: kukithina ukunquma ukuthi siyafuna ukuweqa.

"Ekuphetheni, I-filibustiera ngakho-ke kwakuyisidlo sokuqala saseCaribbean: ama-liqueurs avuthayo, acabalele njengodaka oluncibilikisiwe, konke ukunambitheka komhlaba kuxubile, kuvezwe kukhazimula oku-iridescent kuze kube manje akwaziwa ”. Futhi kule cuisine enomlilo, isithako esiyinhloko esihlala sikhona kungaba yinye kuphela: upelepele, noma upelepele. Ngoba uyazi, ukupheka kukhombisa umphefumulo futhi siyikho esikudlayo, akunjalo? Pho badlani abaphangi?

Badlani abaphangi? Chilli, noma kunalokho upelepele namasosi angenakubalwa

Ekhishini le-filibusta kunenani elingapheli le- upelepele, bese isetshenziselwa ifayela le- ukulungiswa kososo abahlukahlukene (kanye nama-pancake anophizi abizwa nge- "chilli delights"). Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• l 'Habanero, inkosi yeziqhingi zaseCaribbean;
• il upelepele we-cayenne, ekuqaleni kwase-Andes;
• il I-Trinidad Congo Pepper, ebunjwe njengethanga elincane;
• il inyoni yepelepele, ubizwa kanjalo ngoba uhlala ukhanywa izinyoni;
• il ubhanana chili, icishe ibe nkulu kunopelepele;
• okwaziwayo jalapeno, i-classic enhle yokudla kwaseMexico.

Futhi nokunye okunye okuningi, njenge billy imbuzi, ini i-scotch bonnet pepper noma il Nkosikazi Jacques. Khumbula ukuthi upelepele omncane kunabo bonke futhi yibo obuqine kakhulu!

Ngala ma pirates alungiselela ama-condiment ahlukahlukene, njenge, isibonelo, adume kakhulu ama-buccaneers chili sauce ngamafutha, usawoti, upelepele nelamula eliluhlaza okuthandwa “ngubaba owaziwayo uLabat njengokuhambisana okuhle nengulube eyosiwe”. Ngezinkalankala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungcono i-taumalin sauce evela eCaribbean, eyenziwe ngopelepele wezinyoni no-anyanisi, isillot, amakhekhe, ugarlic, uwoyela, iparsley. Bese kuba khona amanye amasoso anezithako ezahlukahlukene, njengaleyo enayo i-Papaya (akuvuthiwe) noma utamatisi, ukunciphisa ubuhlalu; noma i- isoso se-chien ngamakhambi anamakha. Enye yezinto ezintsha kunazo zonke yingenjongomojili, kalamula nogalikhi, okunoshukela futhi okubabayo ngasikhathi sinye, ngokungafani ne- Isoso le-Scotch Bonnet Pepper okuchazwa encwadini njengenhlanganisela eqhumayo esalinde abangaba izisulu! Okungenani i i-pepper rum, njalo nezinhlayiya zezinyoni ezihlanganiswe ne-scotch noma i-rum, okukhona nje ukuthi ithonsi lanele ... Kafushane, singaqhubeka futhi sikhulume ngalesi sihloko esibabayo, kepha sikhetha ukuma lapha, ukuze sikushiyele ilukuluku elithile bese uqhubeka nalokho lawa ma-sauces ayoliswe ngawo, leyo nyama nenhlanzi.

Inyama: kusuka kumhluzi wenkawu kuya kwizibankwa ezisikiwe

“Lapha noma ngubani othi inyama ithi kuqala kuqala inyama eyosiwe". Njengoba i- Ingulube kababa uLabat, kuqala kuhlanjululwe ulamula, upelepele nopelepele bese kufakwa irayisi, ugarlic, izinongo no-anyanisi; noma lokho kwe izindunduma, esongwe ngamaqabunga kabhanana nopelepele waseJamaica. Kepha futhi isitshulu, kanye nenyama ye- ingane noma ka uManzo, nge-brandy noma izinongo. Kodwa ukusishiya sinemilomo evulekile kukhona nezinye izidlo eziningi, ezizokwenza ukuthi abantu abadla imifino bangavuli nje amakhala abo kuphela: ematheni, amagilavu, oats ... "

Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, kwenzeka izikhathi eziningana ukudla ama-penguin, ngisho nokwenza ukungenisa, Futhi di izingulube nezingwenya, abaziswa kakhulu kanye namaqanda abo kanye nezibankwa ezosiwe, ezichazwa njengenyama emhlophe efana naleyo yenkukhu. Noma futhi, ka izinkawu kuphekwe ngesobho, okuthi ngemuva komzuzwana wokuqala wokunengeka kube mnandi kakhulu (ngokusho kwabo), okunambitheka okusikhumbuza unogwaja. Kodwa-ke, badle i-agouti, igundane elincane le-curry elihle kakhulu, elisekhona nanamuhla ezindaweni zokudlela eTrinidad; noma i- owesilisa eyosiwe, "futhi enambitheka kakhulu kune-veal". Okungenani isitshulu se- ufudu oluhlaza uBaba uLabat athi "wayengakaze adle noma yini enambitheka futhi emnandi, enomsoco futhi elula ukugaya". Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi idle kakhulu kangangoba namhlanje (ngenhlanhla, ngiyangeza) iyinhlobo evikelwe.

Futhi kwenzeka njalo kuye ukuthi naye udle okwakhe upholi: “Inyama yayiyinhle kakhulu, intekenteke futhi imnandi. Lapho lezi zinyoni zisencane kakhulu zosiwe ngamathe, zosiwe, noma zihlanganiswe njengezinyoni zothando, ngoba ngokuvamile zikhuluphele kakhulu ”. Kepha ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo eziyivelakancane, abaduni bepirates babedla noma iyiphi inyoni "edlula ngaphakathi kwesibhamu", kusuka kumajuba ezinkuni kuya kokudala Pollo, obevame ukwenziwa ku-grill, ngelamula oluhlaza, noma ngo Jambalaya, efana ne-paella, efakazela ukuthi ithonya laseSpain likhona yonke indawo.

Noma ku Salmigondis, isidlo se-pirate par ubuhle, okukodwa kwalokhu okubili engikuzwile URob De Matt weMilan, lapho umpheki U-Edoardo Todeschini ngiyipheke ngesikhathi sethulwa uhlelo olusha lwale ncwadi. Kumayelana isaladi exubile enkulu enemifino ehlukahlukene kufaka phakathi isipinashi, iklabishi elisolwandle, ulethisi, i-watercress, bese amaqanda, amagilebhisi, ama-gherkins, ama-anchovies, izinongo, isinaphi, uviniga, usawoti, uwoyela, upelepele, u-anyanisi wasentwasahlobo, ulamula, iparsley kanye nesifuba senkukhu namathanga, nakho okungashintshwa ngejuba, inyama yenkonyana kanye / noma ingulube. Ngamafuphi, izinto ezenzelwe "abantu ababi abanolaka kancane, nolwanga olungafuni ukucwengwa".

Ekujuleni kolwandle: kusuka ku-cod efunwa eNewfoundland kuya… Flying fish!

Lokho kwe pesci yisahluko esithokozisayo, hhayi encwadini kuphela, kepha nasefilibusta cuisine iyonke. Yonke indawo yiyona Ikhodi yaseNewfoundland: amahle kakhulu ayegcinelwe imakethe yaseFrance, kanti amanye ayiswa eCaribbean ngemikhumbi yama-pirate, "lapho izigqila zase-Afrika zenza khona okumnandi ama-pancake". EMartinique naseGuadeloupe isalungiswa njengasezinsukwini ze-filibusta, okuyi- i-chiquetaille, okusho ukuthi "yizicucu". Njengoba isiko lisho, kuyeza aqale abheme emalahleni ize iba mnyama kancane; khona-ke idalulwa emanzini abandayo, okungcono ngayizolo, ukunakekela ukushintsha amanzi afakwe kaningi. Lapho i-chiquetaille cod ibuye isebenze njengesisekelo sokulungiselela imidlwembe, esinye sezitsha ezimbili engizizamile kuRob De Matt: lapha "uginindela onoshukela noshukela uhamba ngokumangazayo nokunambitheka okumuncu nosawoti kwe-cod, konke okunesibindi okune-chilli neveli yomdumbula".

Kepha ngaphezu kwe-cod, "ngokushesha nje lapho amanetha ephonswa emanzini, agcwaliswa izidalwa ezinemibala egqamile nobubunjwa obungafani kakhulu", kufaka phakathi izimbaza, amaqhude, amaqembu, ama-lobster, ama-oysters emhlume, i-tazard, izimfanzi, ama-sea urchins, i-sunfish, i-sole, i-garfish, i-polynemids, i-sea bream, i-tuna, i-trevally, i-cascadura, i-sea bream, i-swordfish, imfanzi yamanzi angenasawoti okuthiwa i-ouassous, zopholi basolwandle noma ama-conches, akhona njalo ezimakethe ze-Antilles. Okunye okukhethekile okuvamile kwakuyi- qhosha okulungiselelwe ku-grill ne-chien sauce, i izinhlanzi ezindizayo, leyo yinhlanzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okufanele izwakale ithosiwe, i izinkalankala okumele kwenziwe bese kufakwa. Noma kusenjalo ushaka, imvamisa ithosiwe futhi inongwe ngososo abahlukahlukene abababayo ukunciphisa ukunambitheka kwabo okuqinile, kanye ne- inhlanzi hood.

Umhlangano nabantu bokulima: izithelo, imifino nezimpande 

“I-filibuster engaziwa, ngisho nangaphezu kwamasu okudoba amaNdiya, yahlabeka umxhwele ngamakhono abantu bendawo njengama-horticulturists: Izimpande nezithelo ziningi ezweni lonke, iningi lazo zilethwe zivela ePeru noma eBrazil. Izithelo ezingeniswe kuleli zwekazi, empeleni, njengeukwatapheya noma umoba, bazijwayeza kahle kangangokuthi ngokushesha basakazeka endle ”. Ngokuyinhloko phakathi kwalezi kwakuyi- i-manioc, odabuka eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeBrazil, into yangempela yenkolo, isisekelo sokudla kwabo. Kuqale kwabiliswa ukuqeda ubuthi obukhona ngaphakathi nangesikhathi kucindezelwe ukukhipha ujusi, futhi ilusizo ekulondolozeni inyama. Eminye imifino ebichuma kahle ibingamanye izimpande ezifana neklabishi laseCaribbean ne-okra, leyo yi-okra. Noma, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezifana ne- ubhatata, esetshenziswa kwikhekhe njenge-dessert, noma i-i-yam (efanayo), yokungaguquguquki kwebhitrudi, okuchazwe uBaba Labat "njengokukhanya, okulula ukugaya futhi okunomsoco kakhulu". Empeleni, nokho, kubahlali base-Antilles akubalulekanga kangako ukuchaza nokuhlukanisa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezahlukahlukene ngoba bayathanda ukuzixuba zonke zibe yingxenye eyodwa ebizwa, empeleni, "Hlanganisa konke" ngemifino yase-Europe neyasendaweni, njengezinqathe, itheniphu, ithanga, isachini, iklabishi laseCaribbean, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza, bese kuthi isinqumelo, isikhuphasha seqanda, izinongo, igalikhi, ubisi lukakhukhunathi, kanye nopelepele; konke kutholakala ngamanani ahlukahlukene kuye ngokutholakala.

Phakathi kwemidumba, noma kunjalo, uphizi nobhontshisi ngokuthanda ezinhlotsheni eziningi. Ngakamuva, enye yezitsha ezingokomfanekiso zokupheka kwama-pirate ilungiselelwe, okungukuthi ubhontshisi curry nekhilo lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kuhlanganiswe nogalikhi, u-anyanisi, ujinja nezinongo ezahlukahlukene ezifana nesafron, i-curry nopelepele. Ekugcineni, phakathi kwezithelo, lokho kweisihlahla sesinkwa, ebesivele sikutshele ngayo nge- izinduku emaqabunga awo, nelikhulu ubhanana ukhova, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ama-dessert ahlukahlukene, Kokubili kuphekwe ku-grill kukhasi layo nakuma-pancake njenge-dessert ejwayelekile yase-Antillean.

“Kuyasangana kophudingi”: ukubaluleka komoba nezithelo

Enhliziyweni yama-dessert ngokungangabazeki ushukela bese kuba umoba, osekhishini le-filibusta isithako, hhayi i-sweetener elula (kuyisisekelo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, lapho kutholakala khona i-rum). Le akuyona indawo yokubuyisa indaba edabukisayo ephathelene nokulinywa kwayo nezimo ezimangazayo okwadingeka amakhulu eminyaka zidlule ebugqilini obumnyama, kodwa ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi cishe wonke umuntu uyalukhumbula udumo olukhulu olwabiza lo mkhiqizo. Encwadini umcabango wokuthi ushukela ungumsuka wokuphanga, ngoba "abalimi, abashiywa yizwe labo lokuzalwa emasimini, babedinga ifilibusta bobabili ukuze baqhubeke nokuhweba futhi bavikeleke, kuze kube yilapho ushukela waba ngumcebo oyinhloko weziqhingi futhi waba yinqolobane yamazwe athintekayo".

Ngaphezu kwezintshisekelo zezomnotho nezepolitiki, lesi sithako sasibuye sibe nentshisekelo enkulu ekhishini: "izigelekeqe zonke zase zihlale ziyizingane, uhlanya ngama-dessert, amaswidi, ama-compotes, ujamu (imvamisa ama-apricot endawo), okukhombisa ukuthi kunemiphefumulo engenamqondo phakathi kwabo kunalokho esikushoyo " Phakathi kophudingi bekukhona, ngokwesibonelo, i- kudla okumhlophe, i-dessert yobisi lukakhukhunathi (elinde leyo yama-alimondi), okungeyona ijusi equkethwe yilenathi, kepha etholwe ngokugaya uginiga ogayiwe emanzini abilayo. Ngemuva kwalokho amanye amakhekhe afana ne- ushukela ikhekhe ngamagilebhisi, i-nutmeg, ibhotela, ushukela, ukhilimu nesinamoni, noma i- ikhekhe elimnyama I-Trinidad, ukuguqulwa kwepudding yendabuko yesiNgisi. Noma ngisho i thula, amaswidi e-molasses afana nama-frangollos aseCuba kanye amabhola e-tamarind, amabhola ane-tamarind pulp adluliswe ngoshukela.

Uma ukubusa kukamoba kungumsebenzi wabantu, i isithelo kungumnikelo waphezulu, ikakhulu kulezi ziqhingi lapho kwakukhona ukugcwala kokuhlukahluka okumangalisayo. Ngalokhu cishe njalo okukhona kwaba munye kuphela isaladi lezithelo lendawo, etholakalayo, njenge uphayinaphu, umango, ubhanana, ukwatapheya (eWest Indies kuvame ukudliwa njenge-dessert enoshukela, imbali yamawolintshi namanzi ama-rose), ikhabe, iwolintshi, ikhabe, onolamula omncane ne-rum. Futhi ngenkathi bethola izithelo ezintsha ababengazazi, uyazi ukuthi baqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi zilungile? Balinda babona ukuthi izinyoni ziyazidla, ngoba "uma bezidla kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi nathi singazidla".

Kunoma ikuphi, noma ngabe i-dessert yayiyini, kusobala ukuthi kwakungekho ukusweleka kotshwala nezindlela zokugaya ukudla okuhambisana nakho.

Yo, ake siyiphuze! Okuphuzwe yipirates

“I-filibuster yilowo ophuzayo. Ama-Mugs, amakharafi, imiphongolo ithonwe ngaphandle kokulibala: akukho okubonakala kungakwazi ukucisha umlilo owudlayo, umlilo wezimpi, wezinganono ezidumayo, zamadolobha avuthayo, umlilo weziphephelo ezingashisi ngokwanele, umlilo wokuphila oshile ngomzuzwana ". Ilinde ama-distilleries okuqala, iwayini laliyinkosi yawo wonke amadili. Hhayi nje kuphela amagilebhisi angeniswe evela eFrance naseSpain, kodwa futhi nalawo atholakala ekuvutsheni izithelo ezithile ezitholakalayo, njengokulandelayo:

• il uphayinaphu iwayini, okufanele iphuzwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba ibe munyu kakhulu;
• iwayini le ubhanana ukhova, "Isetshenziswe ngokulinganisela ngoba inika ikhanda ngokushesha";
• iwayini le i-sorrel, imbali ebomvu ye-hibiscus;
• l 'ubucou, iwayini lomdumbula elibilisiwe, elidume kakhulu, elidakwa cishe nsuku zonke, “kodwa okuthi emva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu zokubila libukeke njengobhiya”;
• il maby, iwayini elimnandi noma elibomvu lamazambane.

Kamuva, kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-600, ngokwakhiwa kwesiphawishi sokuqala eBarbados ngo-1663, iqale ukukhiqizwa (futhi ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo) kwe- Iramu. Leli gama, empeleni, livela okokuqala embhalweni womkhandlu waseJamaica ngo-1651: “impumelelo yayimangalisa kangangokuba ngo-1655 iRoyal Navy yanezela i-rum esilinganisweni sansuku zonke samatilosi. Futhi i- I-Ti'Punch ngalamula noshukela maduzane iba yindlela ejwayelekile yokuwuphuza ”, kanye ne Isibhakela sobisi nge-vanilla ne-nutmeg noma i-al I-Punch Planteur ngotshwala obuhlanzekile neziphuzo zezithelo ezixubekile. Futhi, ukusetshenziswa kwepunch yewolintshi noma kalamula kukhuphuke kakhulu lapho kucatshangelwa ukuthi kungasiza ukuvimbela iscurvy, isifo esasakazeka kakhulu, esachitha abasebenzi phakathi kuka-1600 no-1800. Kwakucatshangelwa imbangela yaso, kanye nokushoda kwenhlanzeko, ukuntuleka kwe-ascorbic acid, kunezithelo ezisawolintshi.

Esinye isiphuzo esasithandwa kakhulu kwakuyi- i-cocktail yebuccaneer Morgan, ngobisi lukakhukhunathi, i-amber rum, i-rum emhlophe, uphayinaphu nojusi kalamula oluhlaza okotshani. Ekugcineni, asikho isidlo esiphelile ngaphandle kwe- ikhofi lomlilo elibi, enamaxolo ewolintshi nelamula, ujinja, ama-clove, isinamoni, i-cognac ne-cointreau. Kepha khumbula ukuthi "iqiniso lokuthi bashise imiphimbo yabo ngophuzo oludakayo alubavimbanga ukuthi nabo bafune ubumnandi, kuqala ngokuthi ushokoledi, lapho babekulungele ukwenza noma yibuphi ubuwula ".

Kwanele, sesivele sikutshele ngokwanele mayelana nokuthi yini abadliwe yizigebengu. Siyethemba ukuthi sikuthakazelisile, manje kufanele uthenge (bese uzishwabadela) le ncwadi!

L'articolo Isobho lenkawu, izithelo nophudingi - yilokho okwake kwadliwa yizigebengu kubonakala kungowokuqala Ijenali Yokudla.