Ukukhungatheka okuncane kwansuku zonke, okufana nentukuthelo, ukudumazeka nokwedelela izinto ezincane, kungathinta inhlalakahle yethu engokomzwelo kanye nempilo yomzimba ngaphezu kwezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphila, kutholwe isifundo se-University of Houston. Inkinga ukuthi lokhu kukhungatheka okuncane kuyakhula kuze kube yilapho kusisuthisa kuphule ibhalansi yethu yengqondo. Sikhungatheke ngokuphelele. Okufanayo kwenzeka nge-microaggressions empilweni yansuku zonke.
Yini ama-microaggressions?
Ukuhlaselwa kuyingozi, imvamisa kwenziwa ngamabomu, ukuziphatha komunye umuntu ukubalimaza. Ukukhomba ukuhlaselwa ngokomzimba kulula, ukukhomba ukuhlaselwa kwengqondo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngoba bafihla ngemuva kokuziphatha okucashile, izimo zengqondo noma amagama.
Ubudlova obuncane, ngokwencazelo, buzincane, cishe yizenzo ezingazi lutho esizenza nsuku zonke futhi esingaziniki ukubaluleka okukhulu, kepha isenzo esiqhubekayo siba nomthelela omubi kumuntu ohlaselwayo.
Bayaziveza ngezenzo zokuhlambalaza noma ukuphawula - okuvame ukwamukelwa emphakathini - kepha okukhuthaza imibono eyeqisayo noma okudala inhlamba ngomuntu. Ukuphawula ngokubandlulula, ngokobulili nangokwezigaba kuyizibonelo zobudlova obuncane empilweni yansuku zonke, kepha kunabanye abaningi.
Ungahlali eceleni kothile esitimeleni ongaphansi komhlaba ngenxa yokubukeka kwakhe, uphazamise abesifazane ngaphezu kwamadoda lapho bekhuluma becabanga ukuthi abanalutho olumnandi abangalusho, cabanga ukuthi umuntu uhlakaniphe kangako ngoba unemvelaphi ehlukile yohlanga kunaleyo yethu, kholwa ukuthi ubani esigabeni esincisheke ngokwengeziwe senhlalo yisakhamuzi esisezingeni lesibili, ezinye zezibonelo zokunciphiswa okuncane empilweni yansuku zonke.
Ukusuka ekuhlaselweni okuqondile kuya kokwephula okufihliwe, izinhlobo zama-microaggressions
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlukunyezwa okuncane, ngokusho kukaDerald Wing Sue, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseColumbia University esazalelwa e-United States, kodwa ongowokuzalwa e-Asia, oke wazibonela ngawakhe ukuhlanjalazwa namacala amancane:
• Vula ama-microaggressions. Lokhu kungukuhlasela okuqondile, amagama noma izenzo ezihloselwe ukulimaza ngamabomu noma ukulimaza omunye umuntu.
• Ama-microaggressions afihliwe. Lokhu ukuhlaselwa okucashile. Noma ngubani ozenzayo akaziboni izinhloso ezimbi kuzo ngoba ziyisisulu sezinkolelo ezibandlululayo kanye nokubandlululwa abakuqinisa ngalokhu kuhlaselwa.
Inkinga nge-microaggressions ukuthi, ngokungafani nenkulumo enenzondo, kunzima kakhulu ukuyithola ngoba isuselwa ebandlululweni elabiwe emphakathini. Izikhathi eziningi azivezi ngomlomo, kepha zingaba yizenzo ezincane, ezibonakala zingenabungozi. Kwesinye isikhathi bangacasha ngisho nangemva kokuncoma.
Isimo esibuqili sodlame oluncane alunciphisi umthelela waso omubi kulabo abahlushwa yibo, kepha kunalokho sibenza babe yingozi nakakhulu ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nokuqeda. Ngale ndlela, ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane kuyaziphindaphinda futhi kuvame kakhulu nsuku zonke size sehluleke ukuqonda ubukhulu bangempela bomonakalo abubangela izisulu.
Kungani ukuhlaselwa okuncane kuyingozi?
Kukhona labo abacabanga ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane akuyona yonke into eyingozi. Bacabanga ukuthi inkinga akuyona "ingcindezelo" kodwa ukuthi "isisulu" sizwela kakhulu noma sithatha izinto ngokungathi sína kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuzibeka endaweni yomuntu ohlupheka ngalokhu kuhlaselwa okuncane nsuku zonke.
USue, isibonelo, uthi izikhathi eziningi, ngemuva kokunikeza isifundo, abafundi baya kuye futhi bangamhalaliseli ngokuqukethwe esifundweni kuphela, kodwa nangesiNgisi sakhe esiphelele. Lezi zinhlobo zokuphawula, eziphindaphindwa kaningana, zimenza azizwe eyisihambi ezweni lakhe lokuzalwa.
Uchungechunge lwezivivinyo olwenziwe ePrinceton University luveze ukuthi lapho umuntu ehlushwa ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane esimeni sokuxoxisana nomsebenzi, benza amaphutha amaningi, okuba yisiphrofetho esizigcwalisayo, anciphise amathuba abo okufinyelela kulesi sikhundla.
Inkinga ngama-micro-aggressions ukuthi aqala ngokwakha i-snowball ephenduka kancane kancane ibe yi-avalanche. Ukuphawula okucashile, isenzo esincane, isenzo esingabalulekile siphenduka sibe yinto enkulu egcina yenza umuntu azizwe ehlukile, exakile noma ephansi. Ngakho-ke, ama-microaggressions agcina edale izilonda ezingabonakali ezinomthelela ekuzethembeni, impilo yengqondo kanye nomqondo wokufakwa kwabantu abangahlangabezani nezindinganiso ezithile zenhlalo.
Ngempela, akuyona into engavamile ngomuntu obhekene nokuhlukunyezwa okuncane ukuthi agcine esethatheke ngokweqile futhi engalingani ngokuphelele ekuphawuleni okulula noma ihlaya ngokunganambitheki okubi. Eqinisweni, lowo muntu akasabeli kulokhu kuthukwa okuncane kodwa kuyo yonke iminyaka yokuthukwa okuncane ahlupheke ngakho. Lokho kuphawula kwakumane kungumhlanga owaphula iqolo lekamela.
Ungalwa kanjani nama-microaggressions?
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izinkolelo-ze ziyaqiniswa ngokusebenzisa ama-microaggressions futhi ziyaphindaphindwa - kwesinye isikhathi ngokungazi - ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi. I-Microaggression inomthelela oqinile, kokubili kokuqonda komuntu ohlukunyeziwe nakokungazi komphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukuqinisa ubandlululo nokujivaza amaqembu athile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele ibe nendawo ebudlelwaneni bethu phakathi kwabantu.
Uma sihlushwa lokhu kuthukwa okuncane, singaphendula ngokungenelela okuncane. Ngamanye amagama, ukwenza okuthile okwehlisa amandla ukukhubazeka okuncane futhi kufundise labo abakwenzile.
Uma othile esitshela okuthile okucasulayo, kubalulekile ukuthi singazivikeli. Kubalulekile ukuqala ngeqiniso lokuthi akekho ongavikelekile ekubandlululeni ngokobuzwe, ngokobulili noma ngokobulili. Nathi asikho.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi akudingekile ukuthi umthukuthelele lowo muntu, kodwa ukufundisa nokukhomba lokhu kubandlulula ngendlela enenhlonipho. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sizihlomise ngokubekezela futhi simbuze kahle ukuthi ubeqonde ukuthini. Singasisebenzisa leso sikhathi ukugcizelela ukuthi amazwi akhe afihla ubandlululo olungalimaza abantu.
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele sazi ukuthi into eyodwa yilokho esicabanga ukuthi siyakholelwa kanti okunye esikukholelwa ngokweqiniso. Ukuhlonza izinkolelo-ze nokucwasana esikusebenzisayo lapho sihlobana nabanye kuzosenza sibe ngabantu abazwelayo futhi abavulelekile. Impela, ukususa i-microaggression ngeke kuvimbele thina kuphela ekulimaleni abanye, kodwa futhi kuyasizuzisa ngoba kuzosivumela ukuthi sihlanganyele ngaphandle kwemibono eyandulelayo, ezokwandisa kakhulu umbono wethu ngomhlaba.
Imithombo
U-Ortiz, A. & Tejada, N. (2017) Campaña de Mercadeo Komphakathi "Transforma la Norma: Microagresiones-Macroimpactos" Proyecto Integrador. I-Trabajo de Titulación: I-Universidad San Francisco de Quito.
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Umnyango Amandla abhubhisayo we-micro-aggression empilweni yansuku zonke yashicilelwa okokuqala ngo Ikhona lePsychology.
