Xa ubomi buhambisa "i-pawns" yayo, emva koko nelethu ixesha liyafika. Ubunzima, ukusilela okanye iimeko zoxinzelelo ziyinxalenye yebali. Elinye icandelo libhalwe sithi. Kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso se ukujongana (ukujongana) sikhetha, ibali linokuphela kakuhle okanye ngokubi.
Ngokubanzi ngokubanzi, akukho zicwangciso zibekiweyo ukujongana zilungile okanye zimbi. Konke kuxhomekeke kwimeko. Kwezinye iimeko kulula ukulwa kwaye kwezinye kungcono ukubaleka. Ngamanye amaxesha kuhlawula ukunyamezela kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kungcono ukunikezela. Kufuneka sibenayoubukrelekrele bemvakalelo Kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba leliphi elona cebo lifanelekileyo nanini na.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamaxesha sisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso ukujongana "Ichazwe kwangaphambili" esele siyisebenzisile ngamanye amaxesha. Ukuba sihlala sisebenzisa iindlela zokuphepha, kunokwenzeka ukuba sizibandakanye kwizinto ezaziwa ngokuba "ziziphatho zokufuna ukhuseleko".
Zithini iindlela zokuziphatha ezikhuselekileyo?
Ukufuna ukhuseleko ekuziphatheni zezi zinto siziphetheyo ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ifuthe lemeko okanye umsitho esiwubona njengoyikisayo. Ke ngoko, eyona njongo yabo iphambili kukusenza sizive sikhuselekile kwaye phantse kwangoko sinciphisa uloyiko okanye ixhala elenziwa zezi meko.
Ukuziphatha kokhuseleko zizicwangciso esizisebenzisayo ukuziva sikhuselekile xa sijamelene nemeko eyoyikwayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi ezi ziindlela zokuziphatha ezifihliweyo apho sibambelela kolunye uvimba olusenza sizive sikhuselekile kwaye sikhuselekile, kusinceda ukuba sihlale kwindawo enobutshaba kwaye sinciphise inqanaba loxinzelelo.
Ngapha koko, kubomi bemihla ngemihla, sihlala sisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ngaphandle kokwazi. Ukubeka izandla zethu ezipokothweni xa siziva singonwabanga okanye ukubeka izandla kwindawo ethile ukuba ziyangcangcazela yimizekelo yendlela yokuziphatha ekhuselekileyo.
Ukuthetha kakhulu ukunqanda ukuthula, ukungahoyi umntu osenza singonwabi, sihleli ngasemva kwigumbi leentlanganiso ukuze singatsali, sidlale ngepensile xa sisoyika okanye sijonge kude xa siziva sizibonile ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha. ukhuseleko lwemihla ngemihla olusinceda ukuba soyise ngcono iimeko ezithile ezingathandekiyo zentlalo.
Ukujongana ngokuyinyani nenxalenye ayisiyombono ilungileyo
Ingxaki ngezicwangciso zokuthintela kukuba, nangona zivelisa isiqabu somzuzwana kuxinzelelo kunye nokungonwabi, kwixesha eliphakathi nelide bathambekele ekuvuseleleni uxinzelelo kunye nokuziphatha okuphepha. Ngapha koko, iindlela zokuziphatha ezikhuselekileyo zikwabizwa ngokuba ukujongana ngokungakhethiyo okanye ngokuzikhusela, kunye neengcali zonyango oluqondayo lokuziphatha okucebisa ukuthintela okanye ukubalahla ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuziphatha kokhuseleko kunokuba ngumqobo kuyo ukulwa nexhala kwinqanaba lonyango. Abantu abaphethwe luloyiko kunye ne-agoraphobia, umzekelo, bahlala ngasemnyango ukuze bakwazi ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza okanye bahambe kuphela kwiindawo ezikufutshane nezibhedlele okanye iikhemesti apho banokubanceda khona.
Ukutshekishwa okuqhubekayo okwenziwa ngabantu abanengxaki yokunyanzelwa kokunyanzelwa ngomnye umzekelo wokuziphatha kokhuseleko ukuzola, kunye nokunxiba izithambiso ezininzi ukuze abantu bangaboni ubomvu, kwimeko yabasetyhini abanengxaki yoxinzelelo lwentlalo okanye uloyiko ye Ukuthetha esidlangalaleni.
i hypochondriacsEndaweni yoko, bahlala bebhenela "kwichiza elingummangaliso" ukuze bazive bezolile kwaye baye kugqirha ngalo lonke ixesha ukukhupha izifo ezimbi. Ngokucacileyo, zonke ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zokhuseleko azijoliswanga kuzo Nyanga ingxaki imvelaphi, kodwa ukunciphisa iimpawu ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ngesi sizathu, indlela yokuziphatha ekhuselekileyo kukholelwa ukuba iyasebenza ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka koxinzelelo ngokuthintela amava angaqinisekisi ngengozi. Ukuba umntu ogqithisileyo akayeki ukuhlamba izandla ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yokwesaba ukungcola, umzekelo, abayi kuba nako ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho nto eyenzekayo xa behlamba izandla zabo ngaphantsi.
Ukugxila kwimiqondiso yezokhuseleko kunciphisa ukuqhubekeka kolwazi malunga nesoyikiso esibonwayo, kuthintela umntu ekubeni aziqinisekise ngokwakhe ukuba imeko iyingozi okanye ayikho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, enyanisweni, indlela yokuziphatha ekhuselekileyo iphelisa ukudibanisa imvakalelo yengozi. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu oxhalabileyo kwezentlalo uthetha ngokukhawuleza ukuphuma kwimeko yoxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza, loo ndlela yokuziphatha ibonisa umzimba nengqondo yakhe ukuba bakwimeko eyingozi kwaye kufuneka benze into ukuze bahlale bekhuselekile, iphela ngokuqinisa uloyiko lwakhe.
Le ndlela inye ikwanokuthintela umntu ekuphuhliseni imeko yolawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye neempendulo zakhe, oko ke kunciphisa amandla akhe okumelana, kuba ukukwazi ukujongana neemeko ezoyikekayo kuya kuhlala kuxhomekeke kubukho bezi "ntlungu zangaphandle". Ngamanye amagama, umntu uphela ekhulisa umlutha kwezi ndlela zokuziphatha zokhuseleko, ezimthintelayo ekuphuhliseni ukuzithemba nokuzithemba akufunayo ukuze akwazi ukumelana nokoyika kunye noxinzelelo.
Ixhala limxelela ukuba akhethe ukhuseleko, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi ukoyisa uloyiko oluthile kufuneka azinyanzele kwaye azive engonwabanga.
Ngaba iindlela zokuziphatha ezikhuselekileyo zinokuba luncedo nini?
Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba indlela yokuziphatha ekhuselekileyo inokukhokelela ekubeni likhoboka "leentlungu zangaphandle", ezinokuthi ziqinise uluvo lokuba imeko ethile inobungozi, ayisiyonyani ukuba kwezinye iimeko banokunceda abantu ukuba bazibonakalise ngokuthe ngcembe kwisistim sokuxhalaba kwaye uxinzelelo ngelixa ugcina inqanaba elithile lolawulo, elinokunceda ukunciphisa uloyiko kunye nokuphepha.
Oku kuthetha ukuba indlela yokuziphatha enokusetyenziswa xa isivumela ukuba sikonyuse ukunyamezelana kwethu neemeko ezoyikwayo okanye ezisibangela ukungonwabi. Sinokuzisebenzisa njengelitye lokunyathela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo njengoko sijongana nezo meko.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sihlale silumkile ukuze bangabi "sisidambisi sangaphandle" esinokuba likhoboka lazo kuba kule meko abasayi kusinceda, kodwa baya kuba sisicwangciso ukujongana Inxalenye yenyani. Ngokwenziwayo, ngokungathi sithatha isigqibo sokujonga kuphela isiqingatha sehlabathi ngelixa silihoya kwelinye icala.
Umda:
IMilosevic, I. kunye noRadomsky, A. (2008) Ukuziphatha kokhuseleko akuthethi kuphazamisana nonyango lokuvezwa. Uphando loPhando kunye noPhando; 46: 1111–1118.
I-Sloan, i-T. Kunye neTelch, i-MJ (2002) Iziphumo zokufuna ukhuseleko kunye nesoyikiso esivavanywayo ekuphononongeni uloyiko ngexesha lokuvezwa: Uphando lovavanyo. Uphando loPhando kunye noPhando; 40: 235-251.
URachman, SJ (1983) uhlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuziphatha yokuphepha i-agoraphobic: Amanye amathuba amatsha. Uphando loPhando kunye noPhando; 21: 567-574.
Umnyango Ukuziphatha kokhuseleko, ukungqubana okuyinxalenye nenyani yaqala ukupapashwa ngo Ikhonkco lePsychology.
