Zakudya za biotype: zimaphatikizapo chiyani ndipo ndi zodalirika motani? Mafunso ndi Enzo Spisni

 

La zakudya zama biotypes watchuka kwambiri m'zaka zitatu zapitazi, kutsatira kutulutsidwa kwa buku lomweli ndi Serena Missori, katswiri wazamisala komanso Purezidenti wa Italy Academy of Nutrition and anti-aging mankhwala. Pulogalamuyi idakhazikitsidwa ndikugawana anthu m'magulu anayi ofunikira, iliyonse imakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa kagayidwe kazinthu, omwe amadalira zosowa zosiyanasiyana za zakudya. Lingaliro logawa mawonekedwe amunthu ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito pazolinga zathanzi komanso kulimbitsa thupi ndilachikale kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale m'zaka zapitazi anali atapeza kale ntchito ndi chiphunzitso cha mitundu itatu. Koma kodi njirayi ndi yanzeru ndipo ndiyothandiza kuthana ndi mapulani akudya? Mutatha kuzama mutu wa zakudya zoipa kuti tipewe, tikufuna kusanthula zomwe zakudya zama biotypes zimapereka, kenako ndikuyankhapo ndi lingaliro la asayansi la pulofesa Enzo Spisni, katswiri wa zamagulu azakudya ku University of Bologna.

Zakudya za biotypes: zimatengera chiyani?

Siyanitsani zakudya zanu malingana ndi mtundu wa thupi lanu: ili ndiye lingaliro lomwe zakudya zama biotypes, zoyambitsidwa ndi Serena Missori, zimayambira. M'buku lake, lofalitsidwa mu 2017, katswiri wazamaukadaulo wa endocrinology adakhazikitsa magawo osiyanasiyana, akuwonetsa zakudya zoyenererana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amunthu payekha, zonse cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa thupi komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Kuti tipeze zotsatirazi, ndikofunikira kuyambira pakuwunika zazinthu zina, zomwe zimawonekera pakupangika kwa michere, kupereka kwa aliyense mapulani awo. Gawo loyamba, chotero, limakwaniritsidwa pakumvetsetsa kuti ndi ati azinthu zinayi zomwe muli nawo.

Zakudya zama biotypes: magulu 4

Kutsatira mtundu womwe a Missori adalemba, izi ndi zomwe ma biotypes anayi amayimira.

• UbongoWamiyendo yayitali mwachilengedwe, amakhala wolimbikira ndipo nthawi zambiri amadwala mutu kapena gastritis, ndipo akakhala kuti wapanikizika amapanga cortisol yambiri, mahomoni opsinjika, omwe amachititsa mafuta kudzikundikira m'chiuno. Ayenera kukonda zakudya zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu popanda kuyambitsa ma spikes a glycemic e zizolowezi, monga mbewu zonse, mwina kuphatikiza masamba. Kumbali inayi, omwe ali ndi zotsekemera ndikuwonjezera kukanika kwa minofu, monga khofi, tiyi ndi tchizi takale, ayenera kuzipewa.
• Ziphuphu Amakhala wovuta m'maganizo koma samatengeka, akapanikizika amagona tulo tofa nato ndikunenepa mosavuta. Ndiwachifundo, amadziwa kukhala payekha ndipo sakonda kukhala malo owonekera. Kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino, chakudya chonse chimangowonetsedwa pakudya m'mawa ndi nkhomaliro, pomwe m'mawa zakudya zopatsa shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa, ziyenera kupewedwa. Mwambiri, zakudya zonse za shuga zomwe zimachedwetsa metabolism zimakhumudwitsidwa kwambiri.
• Sanguine, Wokhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba komanso pachifuwa chokula bwino, amasonkhanitsa mafuta makamaka pamimba. Itha kukhala yofatsa komanso yamtendere, yokhala ndi zotsogola zophatikizira, kapena ovomerezeka ndi okonda zakudya zamapuloteni. Mwa zakudya zovomerezeka, zomwe zili ndi fiber, mafuta a polyunsaturated ndi mapuloteni, othandiza pothandizira kagayidwe kake; Momwemonso, ndi bwino kuchepetsa chakudya.
• Zovuta kwambiriKomano, amalemera thupi mosavuta, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto losunga madzi ndipo amakhala wonenepa m'mbali yotsika ya thupi. Amakonda kukhala chizolowezi komanso osakonda kusintha ndi maudindo. Polimbikitsa kagayidwe kake kochepetsetsa ndikukonda kuthetseratu poizoni, nyama zoyera ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizoyenera kukondedwa, pomwe zakudya zopatsa mafuta ambiri komanso zopatsa mphamvu, komanso zamchere kwambiri, ziyenera kupewedwa.

Zosakaniza biotype ndi kusiyanasiyana kwakanthawi

Chotsutsa choyambirira pantchitoyi chimakhudza kuwoneka kwake kolimba, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudzizindikira mkati mwa gulu ili. Pankhaniyi, a Missori aphatikiza ma biotypes anayi am'malamulo ndi omwe amalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi psychology ndi ma hormonal state - adrenal, chithokomiro, estrogenic ndi visceral - zomwe zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri pano. 

Malinga ndi wolemba, komanso, makhalidwe awo akhoza kusintha, potengera msinkhu komanso zakudya zomwe amatsatira. Ngati mukadali achichepere mumalowanso m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, ukalamba ndikutsatira zizolowezi zoyipa zitha kuwonetsa zam'mimba. Malangizo azakudya, komabe, amatsogola ndi kuyesa magazi, Kuyika magetsi mwatsatanetsatane. Poyerekeza ndi ziwembu zina, makamaka, zakudya zama biotypes zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza zakudya, zowonjezera komanso zochitika zina ndi zina.

Lingaliro la mtundu winawake limayembekezera mtundu uwu

Poganizira kuti chiwembu chatsopanochi ndi cholakwika, chifukwa gulu la psychophysical typologies pazolinga zathanzi lidayambira kale Malingaliro ake amakono, komabe, adayamba ku 1940 ndipo chifukwa cha katswiri waku America William Herbert Sheldon, yemwe adazindikira chomwe amachitcha mitundu itatu Chofunikira, kudzera pakuyerekeza konse mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka thupi la munthu. Njirayi yakhala ikutsatiridwa pakukonzekera zakudya komanso kukonzekera maphunzilo kwa osewera, makamaka pankhani yolimbitsa thupi komanso kumanga thupi.

1. Theectomorph ndi wowonda komanso wowonda, wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa mthupi komanso wopatsa mwayi wopirira masewera othamanga (kuthamanga mtunda wautali, kuyenda, kupalasa njinga ndi zochitika zonse kutengera kutalika kwake komanso komwe kulemera kumakhala kovuta). Minofu imatha kupangidwa mosiyana, koma, makamaka, iwo omwe amagwera munthawi iyi samapeza misala mosavuta. Mu zakudya, chifukwa chake, kulolerana ndi chakudya ndi mafuta ndizambiri. Mwambiri, umunthu wamanjenje kapena wolowerera umakhalapo, wokhala ndi malingaliro owonera zochitika zaubongo ndi zosinkhasinkha; ectomorph imatha kukhala ndi chizolowezi chosinthasintha komanso kukhumudwa.
2. Il malowa ndi mtundu wapakatikati, wolinganizidwa mwakuthupi komanso wochulukirapo, wokhala ndi minofu yolimba. Nthawi zambiri, amatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosavuta, ndipo amatha kuchita masewera osiyanasiyana, makamaka omwe amakhudzana ndi kuphulika (kuyesetsa mwamphamvu komanso kwapakatikati kapena kwakanthawi kochepa, kutengera kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kulumpha ndi kulumpha; nkhonya, masewera andewu, zolimbitsa thupi, ndi zina zambiri. ). Kuchepetsa kagayidwe kake kagwiritsidwe ntchito kumapangitsa kuti azidya zakudya zomanga thupi, pomwe pamakhalidwe ake amakhala wolimba, wodzidalira komanso wokonda utsogoleri; atha kudwala matenda amtima.
3. Themapeto ili ndi dongosolo lolemera komanso lolimba kwambiri, lokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofupikirapo komanso ozungulira, limalemera mosavuta ndipo limakhala laulesi. Kuti akhale wathanzi, ayenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri ndikukhala patebulo, kuchepetsa kudya kwa mafuta ndi mafuta momwe angathere ndikugawa chakudya. Itha kuvalidwa pamasewera olimba, ndimphamvu yayitali kwambiri koma yolumikizana kwakanthawi kochepa, komanso komwe thupi limapindulitsa (rugby, American football, weightlifting, shot put, wrestling masewera, ndi zina), pomwe sizopilira za iye. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ochezeka, wodekha komanso wosangalala; akhoza kudwala matenda amadzimadzi. 

Zakudya za Somatotype: osanyalanyaza zizolowezi 

Kusiyanitsa komwe kukuwonetsedwa, ngakhale pankhaniyi, kungakhudze thupi lonse: kapangidwe kake, kagawidwe ka mafuta amthupi, kupumula pakupeza minofu ndi mikhalidwe. Izi, chifukwa chake, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito konzani zakudya zanu ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi mosiyana kwambiri, kutengera mtundu winawake.

M'malo mwake, monga tafotokozera kale, zitha kukhala zovuta kuyika munthu m'maguluwo, ndipo pafupifupi nthawi zonse munthu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe apakatikati. Nzosadabwitsa kuti magulu atatu akuluwa amapereka hybridi zambiri (ecto-mesomorph, meso-endomorph, etc.), ndimilandu yambiri.

Kupanga thupi, komabe, sizimadalira kokha pazibadwa, komanso kuchokera pamakhalidwe, makamaka pazakudya ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. M'malo mwake, momwe thupi limamvekera chimodzimodzi limatha kufotokozera zamtsogolo, koma siziyenera kukhala ngati khola lomwe limalepheretsa zomwe amakonda. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamtundu uliwonse komanso maphunziro ayenera kutsatira nthawi zonse malangizo azaumoyo, imagwira aliyense.

Zakudya zama biotypes ndi somatotype: malingaliro a Pulofesa Spisni

Atafotokoza mbali zazikuluzikulu za mapulaniwa, Pulofesa Spisni akufotokoza zomwe akuganiza, ndikuwonetsa choyamba kuti "ndi masomphenya pakati pa sayansi ndi kutsatsa. Pakadali pano, palibe kafukufuku amene amatsimikizira kuti panali mitundu kapena zamoyo zina, ndipo palibe maphunziro olimba azachipatala komanso kusanthula pazakudya zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mitundu yama psychophysical. Komabe, a Hippocrates, ku Greece wakale, adasiyanitsa anthu malinga ndi lingaliro ili, ndipo kwenikweni ndiye anali woyamba kuwufotokozera, inde ndi maziko a choonadi".

“Kuganizira za kukula kwa thupi, komabe, sikotsutsana ndi sayansi, popeza sikutanthauza kupanga mapulani azakudya potengera mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mahomoni okhazikika. Akatswiri azaumoyo, malinga ndi luso lawo, atha kutsimikizira kuti odwala akhoza kugawidwa mwanjira ina malinga ndi awo mfundo za anthropometric, ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amafanana ndi matchulidwe osiyanasiyana amachitidwe. Umboni uwu umawonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa endocrinology ndi physiology ya zakudya ".

Index ya WHR komanso kupewa matenda

Ngakhale ma biotypes ndi ma somatotypes sanazindikiridwe mwalamulo, zida za sayansi zilipo ndipo zimapangidwira mtundu winawake, monga Chiuno m'chiuno (WHR, chiuno-m'chiuno chiŵerengero), chomwe "chimasiyanitsa zomwe zingayambitse mtundu wa android (wamwamuna," apulo "mtundu) kapena gynoid (chachikazi," peyala "mtundu wa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe, komabe, sikudalira jenda. Index iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuku asayansi, kuti mudziwe mtundu wa kugawa mafuta mthupi la wodwalayo, yolumikizidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika m'thupi.

"Mwamuna amatha kukhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa gynoid, komanso mkazi: tanthauzo lake limakhazikitsidwa motere chifukwa amuna ambiri amalemera pamimba, pomwe azimayi nthawi zambiri amadziunjikira ntchafu komanso mozungulira matako. Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizano pakati pa pathologies okhudzana ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake malangizowo atha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe zingawopsyeze komanso kupewa. Mtundu wokhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa android, mwachitsanzo, umakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mtima ndi azimayi omwe ali ndi ziwalo zoyipa nthawi zambiri amadwala ovary polycystic, chifukwa chake, nkoyenera kuti wazakudya azilingalira izi".

Ponena za zakudya zamtundu wa biotypes kapena somatotypes, Spisni akupereka chitsanzo china, chokhudza masinthidwe amitundu. "Itha kukhala yodziwika ku biotype, koma mbiriyo singafanane bwino, chifukwa nthawi imasintha. Munthawi yotha msinkhu, azimayi nthawi zambiri amachoka pamafuta am'munsi ndikufalikira pamimba, makamaka amuna ".

Zakudya zolimbikitsidwa, koma mopitirira muyeso

Panjira yomwe idanenedwa ndi zakudya zama biotypes, pulofesa akutsimikizira kuthekera kwa yeretsani mapulani azakudya ndikuwonetseratu zomwe zingachitike, popewera njira zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zonse kupewa zopweteketsa, monga zomwe zimalamulidwa Zakudya za ketogenic. “Mtundu womwe umathandizidwa kwambiri kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe akuthupi ndi wapakatikati, kapena mesomorphic. M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazitsulo kumadalira chithunzi choyenera komanso kuchuluka kwa minofu, yomwe ndikulimbitsa thupi kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi kalori yambiri. Zomwezo sizingachitike kwa ectomorph kapena endomorph, yomwe idzafuna pulogalamu ina ya chakudya ndi maphunziro ”.

Chiwembu chomwe Serena Missori adachita, kwenikweni, "chimasintha mmodzi Zakudya za Mediterranean pagulu lililonse mwazinthu zinayi, lingaliro lomwe lingagawidwe, koma lomwe siliyenera kupangitsa kupatuka kopitilira muyeso ", akumaliza Spisni. Monga nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wazakudya musanapange dongosolo la chakudya lomwe lingakhudze thanzi lanu.

Kodi mudamvapo kale za mtundu wa biotype kapena somatotype?

 

L'articolo Zakudya za biotype: zimaphatikizapo chiyani ndipo ndi zodalirika motani? Mafunso ndi Enzo Spisni zikuwoneka kuti ndizoyamba Zolemba Zazakudya.