Zinthu zikakuchitikirani, kodi mumatenga udindo kapena mumaimba mlandu ena? Yankho la funsoli limatsimikizira ngati muli ndi malo olamulira kunja kapena mkati. Kuwongolera uku sikungotsimikizira momwe mumalumikizirana ndi dziko lapansi, komanso kudzakhudzanso kupambana kwanu m'moyo, komanso kukhutira kwanu nokha.
Kodi locus control ndi chiyani?
M'zaka za m'ma 1950, Julian Rotter adayambitsa lingaliro la malo olamulira kutanthauza malingaliro a munthu pa zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika pamoyo wawo. Mwanjira ina, kuyankha funso: Kodi mumakhulupirira kuti mumalamulira tsogolo lanu kapena zimadalira mphamvu zakunja?
Rotter poyambirira adayitcha malo olimbikitsira kuti atseke kusiyana pakati pa machitidwe ndi malingaliro amalingaliro. Rotter ankakhulupirira kuti khalidwe limayendetsedwa makamaka ndi "othandizira" (mphotho ndi zilango) ndi kuti kupyolera muzochitika zadzidzidzi timakhala ndi zikhulupiriro zina zokhudzana ndi zomwe timachita. Komanso, zikhulupirirozi zimayendetsa maganizo ndi makhalidwe omwe timatengera.
Lingaliro ili la malo olamulira limagwirizana ndi lingaliro la Philip Zimbardo, malinga ndi zomwe, "chikhulupiriro ngati zotsatira za zochita zathu zimadalira zomwe timachita (zowongolera mkati) kapena pazochitika zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira (kuwongolera kunja).
Anthu omwe ali ndi malo olamulira akunja amakhulupirira kuti mphamvu zakunja, kaya ndi tsogolo, mwayi, zochitika, kapena zina, ndizo zimayambitsa zochitika pamoyo wawo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, iwo omwe ali ndi malo olamulira amkati amakhulupirira kuti miyoyo yawo imadalira zisankho zawo, zoyesayesa zawo, ndi makhalidwe awo.
Komabe, malo owongolera sizomwe zimamangidwa molimba, koma ndikupitilira komwe kumayenda pakati pakunja ndi mkati. Izi zikutanthauza kuti titha kukhala ndi malo akunja owongolera mbali imodzi ya moyo wathu, mwachitsanzo kuganiza kuti thanzi ndi lobadwa ndipo sitingachite chilichonse kuti tisinthe, pomwe tili ndi malo olamulira m'malo ena, monga. ntchito kapena maubwenzi a banja.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, pamene tikukula, timakonda kukhala ndi malo olamulira, mwina chifukwa timazindikira kuti tili ndi mphamvu zotha kusankha momwe tingathanirane ndi mavuto omwe moyo umatibweretsera.
Kodi ndinu mbuye wa tsogolo lanu? Mphamvu ya malo olamulira pa moyo wathu
Malo olamulira akhoza kukhala chinthu cha ulosi wodzikwaniritsa. Ngati timakhulupirira kuti kupambana kumadalira mwayi, mwachitsanzo, sitingathe kuchita khama. Ngati tikhulupirira kuti kupeza bwenzi kumadalira tsogolo, n'zotheka kuti titenge maganizo osasamala poyembekezera kugwa m'chikondi.
Maphunziro angapo awonetsa kufunikira kwa malo olamulira pazotsatira zomwe timapeza m'moyo. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya Southampton anapeza kuti maganizo a ana a zaka 10 pa bungwe lawo ndi omwe amawatsimikizira kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino m'zaka za m'ma 30, kuphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuvutika maganizo. Chifukwa chake, omwe amakhala ndi mwayi wodzilamulira kuyambira ali mwana amakhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Malo amkati owongolera adalumikizidwanso ndi kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino kwambiri. Kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku Yunivesite ya La Laguna adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lamkati amamva kukhala okhutitsidwa ndi moyo wawo, amawonetsa malingaliro abwino, komanso amakhala ndi thanzi labwino m'maganizo.
Ofufuza ku yunivesite ya Lahore apeza kuti ophunzira omwe ali ndi malo olamulira amakhala ndi maphunziro apamwamba chifukwa amakhala otanganidwa komanso okhudzidwa ndi maphunziro. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, iwo omwe ali ndi malo olamulira akunja amakhala ndi maganizo osasamala komanso osasunthika pakuphunzira, chifukwa chake amakonda kuchita zoipa.
Mphamvu ya malo olamulira imafikiranso kuntchito. Kafukufuku amene adachitika ku China ndi ku United Kingdom adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi malo olamulira amatha kuzolowera malo omwe ali pantchito, kugwirizanitsa bwino ntchito ndi moyo wawo, komanso kuwonetsa kukhutira ndi ntchito yawo.
Kuwala ndi mithunzi ya mkati mwa locus of control vs. malo akunja olamulira
Monga lamulo, kukhala ndi malo olamulira mkati kumapindulitsa kwambiri, osati kukwaniritsa zolinga zathu m'moyo, komanso kuteteza maganizo athu. Komabe, palibe malo "olondola" owongolera. Onse ali ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka.
Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi malo olamulira akunja amakonda kulola kuti zinthu ziyende bwino komanso amatha kugawira ena ntchito, motero sakhala otanganidwa ndi ntchito. Amathanso kulola kuti apite mosavuta, kotero samakonda kulimbikira ntchito zomwe sizingatheke kapena zomwe sizingachitike.
M'malo mwake, iwo omwe ali ndi malo olamulira amkati amakhala opanikizika kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kudziimba mlandu kwambiri, ngakhale atakhala kuti alibe chifukwa cha zochitikazo.
Kukhala ndi mphamvu ya mkati yolamulira kungatipangitse kukhulupirira kuti tikhoza kulamulira chirichonse, kotero kuti ngati zolinga zathu sizikuyenda bwino, timadzimva kuti ndife olakwa ndipo tikhoza kusweka maganizo. Izi zingayambitse kukhumudwa kwambiri, kupsinjika maganizo komanso, nthawi zambiri, nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo.
Pamene malo olamulira amkati samatsagana ndi kudzidalira, akhoza kukhala bomba la nthawi. Anthu odziletsa mopambanitsa, koma opanda luso loyenerera, kuchita bwino, ndi mwayi, akhoza kukhala osokonezeka maganizo.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti choyenera ndikupeza malo oyenerera mu sipekitiramu yomwe malo owongolera amayenda. Tiyenera kukulitsa lingaliro lenileni la gulu lathu lachikoka kuti tiyesetse kusintha zomwe zili kwa ife ndikusiya chilichonse chomwe sichili m'manja mwathu.
Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ngakhale malo athu olamulira amapangidwa makamaka ndi zopindulitsa komanso zolangira zomwe timakumana nazo tili ana, ndikumangika kosinthika komwe titha kusintha m'moyo wathu wonse.
Kupanga malo owongolera bwino kudzatithandiza kuvomereza mikhalidwe yomwe sitingathe kuyitanitsa ndikuthana nayo mosinthika ikayamba, ndikuyika zoyesayesa zathu ndi mphamvu zathu pakuwongolera zomwe tingathe. Umu ndi momwe timalamulira miyoyo yathu ndipo, panthawi imodzimodziyo, timagwirizana ndi zosalamulirika.
Malire:
Zhou, W. et. Al. (2016) Njira zopambana pa ntchito ndi malo olamulira monga zisonyezero za kukonzekera kosinthika mu chitsanzo chosinthira ntchito. Zolemba za Vocational Behavior; 94:124-130 .
Adeel, M. et. Al. (2016) Zotsatira za Locus of Control pa Maphunziro a Ophunzira pa Maphunziro Apamwamba. Ndemanga Yapadziko Lonse Yoyang'anira ndi Kafukufuku Wamalonda; 5 (3): 860-869.
Marrero, RJ & Carballeira, M. (2014) Kodi malo owongolera amakhudza moyo wabwino komanso wamaganizidwe? Makhalidwe ndi Kusiyana Kwaumodzi; 60: ms55.
Gale, CR ndi ena. Al. (2008) Malo olamulira ali ndi zaka 10 ndi zotsatira za thanzi ndi makhalidwe ali ndi zaka 30: 1970 British Cohort Study. Psychosom Med; 70 (4): 397-403.
Mamlin, N. et. Al. (2001) A methodological analysis of research on locus of control and learning disabilities: Rethinking a common assumption. Journal of Special Education; 34 (4): 214-225.
Rotter, JB (1966) Zoyembekeza zonse za mkati ndi kunja kwa kulimbikitsa. Psychological Monographs; 80 (1): 1-28.
Pakhomo Kodi ndinu wozunzidwa kapena protagonist? Mphamvu ya malo olamulira m'moyo wanu idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
