Timakonda kuganiza kuti ndife anthu ogwirizana, omveka komanso omvera, koma nthawi zina zikhulupiriro zathu ndi malingaliro athu amapanga tsankho zomwe zimatikakamiza kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri. Nthawi zina, popanda kuzindikira, timaweruza anthu mosiyana malinga ndi zomwe timaganiza. Nthawi zina, ndi anthu amene amatiweruza mopanda chilungamo pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ziwiri.
Kodi “miyezo iwiri yoyezera ndi miyeso iwiri” ikutanthauza chiyani? Zitsanzo zofala kwambiri pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku
Miyezo iwiriyi ikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana powunika zochitika zomwe, poyamba, zimakhala zofanana kapena zofanana. M'zochita zake, zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito miyeso iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri pa zinthu zofanana. Miyezo iwiri imachitika tikamalemekeza, kuchita ndi kuyankha mosiyana ndi anthu, magulu kapena mabungwe omwe ali ofanana.
Chitsanzo chanthaŵi yaitali cha mikhalidwe iwiri chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amuna ndi akazi ponena za kugonana. M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wopangidwa ku Yunivesite ya The British Columbia anapeza kuti pali mikhalidwe iwiri pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pankhani ya chibwenzi, unamwali, ukwati ndiponso, m’lingaliro lonse, nkhani zonse zokhudza kugonana.
Ngakhale chilamulo sichidzapulumuka “miyezo iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri”. M’malamulo amakono, mwachitsanzo, pali lamulo lakuti anthu onse ndi ofanana pamaso pa lamulo. Komabe, pamene magulu ena alandira chitetezo chowonjezereka chalamulo kapena kuimirira kuposa ena, mikhalidwe iwiri imachitika. Zimachitikanso ngati anthu akanidwa chifukwa cha fuko lawo kapena zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo pomwe mikhalidweyo siidziwika pa udindo womwe akuyenera kuchita.
Chitsanzo china chodziwika bwino cha makhalidwe aŵiri oŵirikiza ndicho pamene makolo amalanga khalidwe la ana awo mosiyana. Koma mwinamwake chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha mikhalidwe iwiri chimachitika pamene ife tiri mu mkhalidwewo mwanjira ina: chimatanthawuza chizolowezi chathu chodzichitira tokha zabwino zambiri kuposa ena, pogwiritsa ntchito zifukwa zomveka kuti tifotokoze zolakwa zathu ndi zolakwa zathu.
Kodi mfundo ziwirizi zinabadwa bwanji?
Zifukwa zingapo zimasonkhezera kupangidwa kwa miyezo iwiri, kuyambira kukondera kwachidziwitso kupita ku tsankho, chikhumbo cha kukhala wolondola kapena chizoloŵezi chodziwona bwino. Mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, kugwiritsa ntchito “zolemera ziŵiri ndi miyeso iŵiri” kaŵirikaŵiri kumasonyeza chikhulupiriro chakuti gulu la anthu ndi lotsika, pazifukwa zina, mwina chifukwa chakuti tinaleredwa motere kapena chifukwa chakuti tapanga malingaliro olakwika olakwika kwa moyo wathu wonse.
Zapezeka kuti n'zosavuta kuti tigwiritse ntchito miyeso iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri ku makhalidwe monga chikhalidwe, jenda, fuko ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti mulingo wapawiri uwu sumathandizira'chifundo, koma kumatichititsa kutsatira mfundo zokhwimitsa zinthu kwambiri kwa anthu amene timawaona kuti ndi otsika. M’mawu ena, m’malo mokhala okoma mtima kapena achifundo kwambiri, timakonda kukhala oweruza okhwima.
M'lingaliro limeneli, kafukufuku wochititsa chidwi kwambiri wochitidwa ku mayunivesite a Columbia ndi Yale adawulula kuti m'misika yazachuma, amuna amapatsidwa mwayi wokayikitsa nthawi zambiri kuposa akazi, omwe amakonda kulangidwa kwambiri ndi chiweruzo cha Investor.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji makonda kuchokera pamiyezo iwiri?
Mu maubwenzi a anthu pali kutsutsana: tonsefe tikuyenera kuchitiridwa chimodzimodzi chifukwa ndife ofanana koma, panthawi imodzimodziyo, aliyense wa ife ndi wapadera, kotero kusiyana kumayenera kuganiziridwanso.
Chotero, kuti tidziŵe miyezo yoŵirikiza, choyamba tiyenera kudzifunsa ngati, m’chenicheni, timachitira anthu aŵiri ofanana kapena magulu mosiyana. Ngati ndi choncho, tiyenera kuyang’ana chifukwa chake, chifukwa chomveka chimene chimafotokoza kusiyana kwa mankhwala.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti miyezo iwiri imachitika pakakhala kusiyana pakati pa chithandizo chomwe sichili choyenera. Nthawi zambiri ndizochitika zomwe zimachitika zokha, popanda kuziganizira, chifukwa zimachokera ku tsankho ndi stereotypes. M'malo mwake, mchitidwe woganizira kusiyana pakati pawo nthawi zambiri ndi njira yodziwika.
Momwe mungaletsere miyeso iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri
Miyezo iwiri nthawi zambiri imakhala mikhalidwe yophunziridwa pamaziko a zikhulupiriro zobadwa nazo ndi malingaliro omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'zaka zingapo zoyambirira za moyo. Ngati akuluakulu otizungulira agwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, chikhalidwechi chimatha kutsagana nafe popanda ife kuzindikira.
Kusazindikira ndi m'mene anthu amayendera mfundo ziwiri. Choncho, tiyenera kukweza mlingo wathu wa kuzindikira. Tiyenera kudzifunsa tokha zifukwa za maweruzo ndi makhalidwe athu, ndikuyankha moona mtima. Mwanjira imeneyi titha kuzindikira ndikuletsa miyeso iwiri yomwe imayambitsa kusalinganika ndi kusakhazikika mu ubale wathu.
Kumbali ina, ngati tikhulupirira kuti ndife ozunzidwa ndi miyezo iwiri, yankho limakhala lofanana nthawi zonse: kudziwitsa anthu. Tiyenera kufunsa munthuyo chifukwa chake amatichitira ndi kutiona kuti ndi ofunika mosiyana ndi kumuuza, popanda kunyoza, kuti timaona kuti khalidwe lawo n’lopanda chilungamo. Munthu ameneyo angazindikire tsankho lawo n’kusintha mmene amachitira nafe.
Malire:
Botelho, TL & Abraham, M. (2017) Kutsata Ubwino: Momwe Kusaka Ndalama ndi Kusatsimikizika Kumakulitsira Miyezo Yawiri Yogwirizana ndi Amuna Kapena Akazi mu Multistage Evaluation Process. Administrative Science Kota; 62 (4): 698-730.
Foschi, M. (2000) Miyezo Yawiri Yakuyenerera: Malingaliro ndi Kafukufuku. Kubwereza Pachaka kwa Sociology; 26: 21-42.
Foschi, M. (1996) Miyezo iwiri mu Kuunika kwa Amuna ndi Akazi. Psychology Pakati pa Anthu; 59 (3): 237-254.
Pakhomo Miyeso iwiri ndi miyeso iwiri, tikamayesa ndi ndodo zosiyana idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
