Chikhalidwe cha ku Italy cha cod, ulendo wopita kumakhitchini amchigawo

 

Mwa otsogola azakudya zaku Italiya, kuyambira Kumpoto mpaka Kummwera, mosakayikira pali kodula. Ndi za kodula Nordic, wa mitundu Gadus macrocephalus o Gadus morhua, yomwe imasodza kumadera akumpoto kwa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Pacific Ocean. Omwe amapanga kwambiri ndi, Iceland, Norway, Greenland ndi zilumba za Faroe, komwe nthawi zonse amakhala mwala wapangodya. Lero, komabe, Italy ndi dziko lachiwiri padziko lapansi logwiritsira ntchito cod, izi zisanachitike ndi Portugal kokha, komwe kumanenedwa kuti pali njira ina yosinthira masiku 365 onsewa mchaka. Koma zingatheke bwanji nsomba za chikhalidwe cha Nordic zatsikira kwa ife, mpaka kufika pokhala maziko a ukadaulo wambiri wamba? Tiyeni tiwone m'nkhaniyi, limodzi ndi maphikidwe achikhalidwe.

Makhalidwe a cod: momwe amasungidwa ndikukonzekera

Cod imadziwika ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izizindikirika mosavuta. Kuchokera utoto woyera, pambali yapadera pakhungu. Choyera chowala kwambiri, chitha kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa zowonjezera zamagetsi: zoyera ndi ma sulphite ndizololedwa mkati mwa malire ena. Mumitundu yomwe ikugulitsidwa m'masitolo ambiri ambiri, mutha kuwunika ngati akupezekapo.

Mulimonsemo, chinthu chofunikira pakufalitsa kwa cod m'mitundu yambiri chosiyana ndi mayiko omwe amachokera, mosakayikira, ndi yosungirako. Kuti akonze, cod imachotsedwa pamutu, imadzazidwa kenako ndikuiyika mchere ndi zokometsera, njira yomwe imakhala pafupifupi osachepera masabata atatu, yokhala ndi cod yomwe imasinthidwa masiku angapo kuti izitha kuyamwa mchere mofanana. Ndi magawo omaliza awa omwe amapanga mankhwala cholimba pakapita nthawi ndipo akhoza kukhala zimagulitsidwa mosavuta. Ngakhale amauma kwambiri, komabe, zamkati zimakhala ndi chinyezi pakati pa 30% ndi 35%, ndichifukwa chake cod nthawi zonse imayenera kusungidwa mufiriji. Lamuloli limagwira ntchito pazogulitsidwa mumchere ndi zina kuti zilowerere. Pomaliza, nsombayo idapangidwa kale ndipo yakonzeka kudya. Mtundu wamchere wofala kwambiri, mbali inayo, uyenera woyamba kuthiriridwa osachepera masiku awiri, Kusintha madzi kangapo, kuchotsa mchere wambiri.

Kufalikira kwa cod ku Italy

Kufalikira kwa cod ku Italia zikuwoneka kuti zidachitika mzaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi zomwe Mpingo wa Katolika pachikhalidwe chofala. Pokhala chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, idadzikhazikitsa yokha ngati nyama m'malo, makamaka madzulo ndi m'nyengo ya Lenti. Pulogalamu ya mtengo wotsika, ndiye kuti lalamula chuma chake ngakhale pakati pa anthu osauka kwambiri. Zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zomwe zakhala zikuchitika mdziko lathu zakhala zikukonzekera mosiyanasiyana, zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zopangira zakomweko. Ichi ndichifukwa chake cod lero ndiye protagonist wazakudya zikhalidwe zaku Italiya kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, ndi ukatswiri womwe ukuwonetsera zikhalidwe zakomweko.

Maphikidwe achikhalidwe achikhalidwe: Kutanthauzira 9 kodziwika ku Italy

Cod imadziwika ndi olimba ndi zotanuka zamkati, zomwe sizimafuna kuphika mopitirira muyeso. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuzindikira bwino kuti chizolowezi chofunafuna mano, chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa ndi kukonzekera stewed: mu poto wokhala ndi msuzi wopangidwa ndi tomato, maolivi ndi ma capers kapena ndi sauté yosavuta ya adyo, mafuta ndi chilli. Kapenanso, ndizabwino yotentha, kenako adadutsa kirimu wonyezimira. Koma m'madera ambiri, makamaka a Kumwera kwa Italy, mtunduwu ndiofala kwambiri kumenyedwa kapena kukazinga. Kumpoto, komabe, chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri ndichakuti zonona (ndi zamkati mwa cod zomwe zimaphika koyamba kenako zimakonzedwa ndi mafuta, mchere, adyo ndi mandimu mpaka zimakhala zotsekemera), komanso chizolowezi chowatumikira chimayenda limodzi ndi polenta. Gawo lirilonse liri ndi zokhazokha, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi miyambo yake kapena ndi zinthu zomwe zimadziwika. Pansipa, tipita kukawona ena odziwika bwino komanso oyamikiridwa.  

Baccalà alla vicentina ndi alla veneziana: amatchedwa cod, koma cod ayi

Tikuyamba ulendo wathu pakati pa maphikidwe achikhalidwe kuchokera kumpoto ndipo timachita izi podzikhululukira. Inde, chifukwa ngati sitingachitire mwina koma kungotchulapo zabwino zazikulu ziwiri monga cod Mtundu wa Venetian ndi cod Vicenza kalembedwe, amene m'dzina lake muli ngakhaleubale wosadziwika. Komabe, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti, mosiyana ndi zomwe dzinali likusonyeza, izi ndizapadera momwe zopangidwazo sizili cod, koma stockfish. Kwenikweni, ikadali Nordic cod, koma ndi stockfish, mosiyana ndi cod, sichiikidwa mchere, amangosiya kuti aume. 

Kwa cod Vicentina timapitirizabe kuyika bulauni koyamba pamitundumitundu ya cod yothira mafuta, anyezi, sardines ndi parsley. Kenako, onjezerani mkaka, Grana Padano, grated, mchere ndi tsabola, kuphimba chilichonse ndi mafuta ndikuphika pamoto pang'ono (pachikhalidwe cha terracotta) kwa maola 4, ndikuyambitsa nthawi zina. Mbaleyo idzawoneka ngati mtundu wa mphodza ofewa komanso wokoma, Ndi msuzi wowolowa manja, nthawi zambiri amatumikiridwa pamodzi ndi polenta. 

Il Cod ya ku Venetian m'malo mwake, ndi mtundu wa emulsion. Thupi la nsombalo limayamba kufewetsedwa ndikuliphika ndi madzi, mkaka ndi mchere, kenako limachepetsa ndikudutsa gwirani mwamphamvu ndi supuni ya nkhuni, kuwonjezera mafuta, adyo, mchere ndi tsabola, mpaka imakhala mtundu wa zonona, zofewa, zokutira komanso zotsekemera m'kamwa. Komanso, kulumikizana ndi polenta ndizofala, koma emulsion yomwe imapezeka imadziperekanso kuti izitumikiridwa pa croutons kapena bruschetta, ngati kuti ndi condiment. 

Kukonzekera komweku kumapezekanso pachikhalidwe cha Ligurian gastronomic. Izi ndi kalembedwe ka codacujun, komwe mafutawo amatenthedwa ndi mince yomwe, kuphatikiza mbatata, adyo, mafuta ndi parsley, imaphatikizaponso kuwonjezera kwa zonunkhira zakomweko, monga mtedza wa paini, maolivi a Taggiasca ndi kuwaza kwa mandimu kuti mumalize zonse.

Mtundu wa Ligurian cod wokoma komanso wowawasa

Nthawi zonse Liguria, kukonzekera kumene kubwera kwa cod kumakhala kofala wokazinga kaye kenako ndikuwonetsedwa m'modzi kukonzekera owawa-okoma. Mutatha kutsitsa zidutswa za cod ndikuviika m'mafuta otentha, asiyeni azitsuka ndikuuma pamapepala oyamwa. Kuphika kumamalizidwa pakuchepetsa kutengera adyo, tchire, vinyo woyera, viniga ndi shuga. Mwanjira iyi, kununkhira kwamphamvu kwa cod kumakulungidwa ndi patina wokoma, ngati mtundu wa caramel, ndi kutumphuka kwa golide wakunja zomwe zimayamwa fungo labwino la msuzi. 

Stockfish Bolognese

Kulawa kwa kuphweka: umu ndi momwe tingafotokozere mwachidule mtundu wa Stockfish Bolognese. Poterepa, magawowa amaphika poto ndi mwachangu potengera mafuta, batala, adyo ndi parsley, kuti amalize kumapeto ndi mandimu pang'ono. Apa, popeza kuti cod siigonjetsedwa ndi ufa, imayamikiridwa bwino kusasunthika kolimba komanso chizolowezi chomenyera pansi pamano.

Cod alla livornese

Kupitilira kumwera, kumbali ya Tyrrhenian, tifika ku Livorno, amodzi mwa mayiko akale a Maritime. Ndipo ndendende ngati mzinda wapanyanja, unali umodzi mwa oyamba kukhudza malonda ochokera kunja kuchokera kunyanja zozizira za kumpoto kwa Europe. Mpaka kuzipanga zake zokha, ndikukonzekera komwe kwakhala koyambirira: the cod alla livornese! Choyamba, muyenera kupitilira ndikuchepetsa nsombazo m'magawo. Atapukutidwa ndikupukutidwa kwa mphindi zochepa poto ndi mafuta, amaliza kuphika phwetekere msuzi, Ndi maziko a adyo osungunuka ndi anyezi. Mbatata zouma ndipo, nthawi zambiri, kukonkha parsley kumawonjezeranso msuzi. Cod alla livornese chifukwa chake ndi mtundu wa stewed, wokhala ndi zamkati zamkati, yomwe ndi yosavuta kudula ndi kuviika mumsuzi wokoma womwe amaphikirako. 

Cod yachikhalidwe chachiroma

Chakudya chamadzulo cha Khrisimasi cod alla romana imakonzedwa mu uvuni, ndi nyama zinsomba zomwe zimayikidwa pa bedi la mbatata ndi anyezi wothira mafuta yaiwisi, mchere ndi tsabola kenako ndikuphimbidwa ndi phwetekere msuzi, maolivi, mtedza wa paini ndi zoumba. Kuphika kumachitika mu uvuni, ndi zosakaniza zomwe zimakonda kuphatikizika, ngati mtundu wa lasagna. Zotsatira: kusiyanasiyana kokoma kwa zokonda, pomwe kununkhira kwa cod ndi maolivi kumayenderana ndi kukoma kwa zoumba, ndizolemba zazitsamba za mtedza wa pine kumaliza chilichonse.

Mtundu wa Neapolitan cod

M'mawonekedwe achikhalidwe Neapolitan, cod imadulidwa koyamba mzidutswa, utoto ndi wokazinga. Kenako amaphika mu mbale yophika ndi phwetekere msuzi, Wokonzedwa pamunsi pa adyo osungunuka, mafuta ndi tsabola tsabola, pomwe maolivi, ma capers ndi oregano amawonjezeredwa. Chakudya chosasirira cha dyera, ndikudya kokometsera kokazinga kokometsedwa ndi msuzi womwe wazungulira.

Cod ndi aviglianese

Timasunthira kudera lamapiri la Lucan, m'dera lamapiri lomwe limafikira kumpoto kwa mzinda wa Potenza mpaka kumapazi a Vulture. Kuchokera pano, chimodzi mwazokonzekera za cod chomwe chimadziwa kupanga gawo labwino kwambiri m'mbale imodzi chimayambira. Tikulankhula za cod ndi aviglianese (ochokera m'tawuni ya Avigliano, komwe chikondwererochi chimachitika chaka chilichonse mu Ogasiti), chomwe chimakonzedwa ndi imodzi mwa Zoyimira kwambiri za Basilicataiye Tsabola wa senise PGI. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tsabola wokoma, womwe umapeza malo abwino kukula ndipo, koposa zonse, kuti uwume mdera la Lucanian lokhala ndi dzina lomweli. Kuyanika - ndi tsabola womangidwa kupanga zomwe zimatchedwa mikanda seti - amakondedwa makamaka ndi nyengo yamderali, wowoloka mitsinje ya Sinni ndi Agri, yomwe ili gawo la Pollino National Park.

Cod aviglianese ndichosavuta yowiritsa komanso wokoma ndi i tsabola wa cruschindiye kuti, pikani bulauni mu poto ndi adyo ndi mafuta. Mwa njira iyi, kuphatikiza pakutengera zomwe zimachitika kuuma ndipo akadzilemeretsa ndi kununkhira kwa sauté, amasiyanitsa ndi kukoma kwawo kwa nsomba. Zotsatira zake ndi ukwati wabwino kwambiri wamakomedwe ndi kapangidwe kake, kuwonetsa momwe cod yakwanitsira kudutsa ngakhale madera akutali ndi nyanja, kuphatikiza bwino ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu wamba, Wopangidwa ndi zokometsera za rustic ndi zosakaniza zopanda pake.

Mtundu wa Codfish Messina

Timaliza ndi gawo lakumwera kwambiri laulendo wathu: Sicily, komwe kalembedwe ka codfish Messina. Pachifukwa ichi, chophatikizira chimakhala chamasamba, koma tsopano chimagwiritsidwa ntchito podzikonzekeretsanso ndi cod, ndi kununkhira kosavuta. Cod ya messinese imathiridwa, kubweretsedwa ku kuphika mu chiwaya wokhala ndi thupi lathunthu nyemba wa phwetekere, anyezi, udzu winawake, maolivi ndi ma capers, pomwe mbatata zimawonjezeredwa. Specialty yomwe kukoma kwa cod kumavomerezedwa ndi zonunkhira komanso ambiri oonetsera ku Mediterranean.

Tafika kumapeto, owerenga okondedwa: tiyeni tichoke pa sitimayo paulendo wabwinowu m'njira zodutsa, zomwe kuchokera kunyanja zakumpoto zatha kuphwanya mtima wachikhalidwe chaku Italiya, mpaka kukhala wotsutsana wopanda chitsutso . Mwa mitundu yambiri yomwe tawona, ndi iti yomwe mumakonda? 

L'articolo Chikhalidwe cha ku Italy cha cod, ulendo wopita kumakhitchini amchigawo zikuwoneka kuti ndizoyamba Zolemba Zazakudya.