Mayiko onse ali ndi ngwazi zawo. Pafupifupi anthu onse, nawonso.
Mosakayikira, m'mbiri yonse ya anthu pakhala pali anthu olimba mtima omwe akhala zitsanzo za kulimba mtima, ulemu, kudzipereka ...
Komabe, wafilosofi Søren Kierkegaard, amene nthaŵi ina anazindikira kuti cholinga chake m’kulemba kwake chinali “kusokoneza” moyo wa oŵerenga ake mwa kufuna kusonkhezera maganizo awo mwa kuwakakamiza kukayikira zimene nthaŵi zonse anali kuziona ngati zopepuka, anadabwa kuti chizoloŵezi cha anthu chimenechi chikukulitsa kusirira kwa anthu ochuluka motani. ngwazi ndi yabwino kapena yofunikira.
Kusilira kumapangitsa ngwazi kugona pa sofa
“Mutha kuona munthu akusambira mu ngalande, wachiwiri amene amadziwa zilankhulo 24 kapena wachitatu akuyenda ndi manja ake. Koma ngati munthuyo akuganiziridwa kuti ndi wapamwamba kuposa zikhalidwe zapadziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha ukoma, chikhulupiriro, ulemu, kukhulupirika, chipiriro ... kusilira koma ngati chosowa ", analemba Kierkegaard.
M’chenicheni, wafilosofiyo amatichenjeza kuti kungosirira chithunzi cha ngwaziyo, poganiza kuti ali pamwamba pa anthu ambiri, ndi njira yabwino yomwe imatipangitsa kugona pa sofa. Kusilira ngwaziyo poganiza kuti iyeyo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri sikubweretsa kusintha kulikonse m’makhalidwe athu, choncho n’kopanda ntchito.
Kierkegaard, kwenikweni, akuwonetsa izi "Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa wosilira ndi wotsanzira, chifukwa wotsanzira ali, kapena amayesa molimbika kuti akhale, zomwe amasirira". Kwa filosofi, kusilira ngwaziyo kudzakhala kofanana ndi masiku ano kupereka zokonda pazama media ku positi yokhudzana ndi mchitidwe wolemekezeka. Palibenso. Tikangochoka pa intaneti, kusangalatsidwa kwakanthawi kwa ngwazi yosadziwika sikukhalanso ndi vuto lililonse pamakhalidwe athu.
Vuto limakhalapo pamene kutamandidwa kwakukulukulu kwazikidwa pa chikhulupiriro chakuti pali anthu apamwamba amene angathe kuchita zinthu zosayembekezereka kwa anthu ena onse. Timawasilira, koma powayika pachopondapo. Ndipo izi zimatifikitsa ku kusasuntha. Timatengeka ndi chidwi osadzifunsa zomwe tingachite kuti tigwiritse ntchito zomwe timakhulupirira.
Ugamba monga tanthauzo la kukhwima ndi ufulu
Za Kierkegaard "Kusilira kulibe malo kapena ndi njira yothawira" chifukwa sichimatsogolera kuchitapo kanthu, koma chimakhala ngati chitonthozo kuti tisunge mawonekedwe abwino omwe tili nawo tokha. Kupyolera mu ndondomeko yamaganizo yoyambira, timadziwonetsera tokha makhalidwe a anthu omwe timawasirira. Izi zimatipangitsa kumva bwino. Koma popanda kukweza chala.
Kierkegaard adazindikira kuti munthu aliyense amabweretsa zopinga zosiyanasiyana zamkati, koma chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri ndikuyesa kuganiza kuti ndikokwanira kusirira Msamariya Wachifundo kukhala m'modzi, kunyalanyaza kuthekera kokhala m'modzi chifukwa cha ulesi.
Katswiri wa zamaganizo Philip Zimbardo amavomereza mfundo zina ndi Kierkegaard: "Mapeto a kafukufuku wanga ndi akuti anthu ochepa amachita zoipa, koma ndi ochepa kwambiri omwe amachita mwankhanza. Pakati pa kuipiraipira kwa belu la anthu pali unyinji, anthu ambiri samachita kalikonse, omwe ndimawatcha 'ngwazi zonyinyirika', omwe amakana kuyitanidwa kuti achitepo kanthu ndipo, osachita kalikonse, nthawi zambiri amachirikiza. olemba zoyipa ".
Kierkegaard anali wotsimikiza kuti kukhala wekha ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe sichimangokopa "anthu apadera", kwa ngwazi zokondedwa, koma zimakhudza aliyense wa ife.
Komabe, kuchotsa umunthu, kufalikira kwa udindo, kumvera ulamuliro, machitidwe osalungama, kukakamizidwa kwamagulu, kusagwirizana kwa makhalidwe ndi kusadziwika ndi zina mwazochitika zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tizisilira ngwazi, koma mopanda chidwi komanso kutali.
Zowonadi, ngakhale kuti mawu akuti ngwazi adadziwika kuti amatanthauza milungu - omwe anali ndi mphamvu zauzimu ndipo, chifukwa chake, osatheka kufikika kwa anthu wamba - imodzi mwamalingaliro akale kwambiri pa etymology yake imatanthawuza kuti. "Msilikaliyo ndi amene wafika pa msinkhu ndipo amafotokoza bwino za umunthu wake".
M'malingaliro awa, omwe amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi masomphenya a Kierkegaard, chifaniziro cha ngwaziyo chingakhale cha munthu yemwe amatha kuthana ndi malingaliro ake, zachikhalidwe komanso nthano, mbiri yakale komanso mbiri yakale, kuti afikire ufulu ndikutuluka pamapindikira. zambiri zimafota.
Chifukwa chake, ngati pali china chake chosangalatsa chokhudza kusilira, ndikutha kwake kutiululira zomwe timakhulupirira kuti ndi zokwanira kapena zolondola, kutiwonetsa zomwe timamva kuti timadziwika nazo komanso kutipatsa zidziwitso zamakhalidwe oyenera kutsatira.
Komabe, ngati kusilira sikumatikakamiza kuchitapo kanthu, ngati sikutitsogolera kuchita zinthu zing’onozing’ono zosonyeza ngwazi zatsiku ndi tsiku, monga kuthandiza anthu otizungulira, ndiye kuti kusirira kumakhala kopambana. malo otonthoza momwe timavutikira kugwera mu zosavuta kupembedza mafano zomwe Erich Fromm adatichenjeza kale.
Malire:
Marino, G. (2022) Chifukwa chiyani Kierkegaard ankakhulupirira kuti ndi ulesi kusirira ngwazi zathu zamakhalidwe abwino. Mu: Psyche.
Collin, D. (2021) Ungwazi wamakhalidwe malinga ndi Kierkegaard: kukhala woona kwa iwe mwini. Revue d'éthique et de théologie moral; 132 (4): 71-84.
Zimbardo, P. (2011) Nchiyani Chimapanga Hero? Mu: Magazini Yabwino Kwambiri.
Pakhomo Kusilira ngwazi kumatipangitsa kukhala anthu abwinoko, koma sizisintha chilichonse, malinga ndi Kierkegaard idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
