Kuphulika kwa mabomba ku Pearl Harbor mu December 1941 kutangophulika, United States inalamula kuti anthu onse a ku West Coast Japanese, ngakhale kuti oposa awiri mwa atatu anali nzika za US kubadwa, kuti achoke m'nyumba zawo ndikusamutsira kumisasa khumi mpaka kumapeto kwa ndende. Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse.
Pamene kuli kwakuti Ajapani anatsekeredwa m’misasa imeneyi, anagwiritsira ntchito nyenyeswa ndi zinthu zimene anapeza apa ndi apo kupanga mipando ndi zinthu zina zimene zikanawalola kukongoletsa malo awo. Pa nthawiyo, anthu a ku America ankaganiza molakwika gaman monga khalidwe lodzipatula, kusadzidalira kapena kuchitapo kanthu.
Komabe, zaluso ndi zaluso zimenezo m’kupita kwa nthaŵi zinakhala zofunika kuti anthu amene anamangidwa m’misasa imeneyo akhale ndi moyo. Zinthu zomwe adalenga, zambiri zomwe zikuwonekerabe mpaka pano Nyumba ya Museum of Smithsonian American, amatengedwa mawonetseredwe a thupi la gaman.
Kodi fayilo ya gaman?
Zosangalatsa (我慢) ndi mawu achi Japan omwe amachokera ku Zen Buddhism. Nthawi zambiri amamasuliridwa kuti "kulimbikira", "chipiriro" kapena "kupirira", koma kwenikweni amatanthauza “Pitirizani zooneka ngati zosapiririka moleza mtima komanso mwaulemu”.
Choncho, ndi mtundu wa kupirira kwa stoic, ngakhale kumafunikanso kukhala odziletsa komanso kudziletsa pa nthawi zovuta kuti athetse mkuntho. The gaman sikuli kufooka kapena kusiya ntchito, koma kusonyeza mphamvu poyang'anizana ndi mavuto ndi kuzunzika kumene kumabweretsa.
Il gaman monga guluu gulu amene amakonda kuchira
M’chaka cha 2005, mphepo yamkuntho yotchedwa Hurricane Katrina itasakaza mzinda wa New Orleans, achifwamba analowa m’misewu n’kuyamba kupezerapo mwayi. Zofanana ndi zimenezi zinachitika ku Haiti pamene kunachitika chivomezi champhamvu m’chaka cha 2010. M’madera ambiri, anthu akakumana ndi mavuto ndipo mphamvu zaulamuliro zikalephereka, anthu otukuka amakhala ochepa kwambiri.
Komabe Japan inapirira kusayeruzika m’masiku otsatira chivomezi chachikulu cha 7,8 ndi tsunami imene inakantha Tōhoku ku 2011, kupha pafupifupi 16.000. Palibe kubera kapena kukweza mitengo mosasankha komwe kunanenedwa. M’malo mwa mantha ndi mantha, mkhalidwe wofala mu Japan pambuyo pa tsoka lachilengedwe losakazawo unawoneka kukhala wabata ndi wotsimikiza mtima.
Maganizo nawonso gaman ndiwo maziko a maganizo amenewo. Zoonadi, kupirira, ndikuvomereza kwakukulu ndipo chitukuko chimene chinachokera ku lingaliro limeneli chinathandizira kwambiri kuchira.
Mu chikhalidwe Japanese, kusonyeza gaman chimaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kukhwima ndi mphamvu. Pachifukwa ichi, filosofi iyi ya moyo imayamba kuphunzitsidwa kwa ana adakali aang'ono. Ku ku gaman munthu amaphunzitsidwa ali wamng'ono. Ku Japan, kuleza mtima ndi kulimbikira zakhala mbali ya maphunziro kuyambira kusukulu ya pulayimale.
Zipilala 5 zokulitsa gaman
Zosangalatsa ndi nzeru yozama komanso njira yowonera moyo. Ndilo lingaliro lakuti anthu ayenera kusonyeza kuleza mtima ndi kupirira pamene ayang’anizana ndi mikhalidwe yosayembekezeka kapena yovuta. Zikutanthauza dongosolo la njira zothanirana bwino ndi zochitika zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira, zovuta zomwe sitingathe kuzipewa.
Cholinga chake ndi chakuti aliyense azikulitsa luso lopirira ndikulekerera mavuto osayembekezereka, zovuta, kapena zovuta. Ndiponso, pamene tikuchita zimenezo, tiyenera kukhala okhoza kusunga maunansi ogwirizana.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kuteteza ubale wathu pakati pa anthu ku chikoka cha mavuto popewa kutenga kukhumudwa kwathu, mkwiyo kapena mkwiyo kwa omwe akutizungulira. Mwanjira imeneyi, malo athu ochezera a pa Intaneti adzakhalanso ogwira mtima.
Kumbali ina, lingaliro la gaman kumatanthauzanso kudziletsa kwakukulu. Pamafunika kukhala okhoza kuletsa malingaliro athu kuti tipeŵe mikangano. Si nkhani yongopeŵa mikangano ndi ena, koma osati kulimbana mosayenera ndi mavuto.
Chifukwa chake, a gaman kungatilole kupirira ntchito yosasangalatsa kufikira titapeza wina wabwinopo, wogwira naye ntchito wokwiyitsa, masitima odzaza ndi anthu panthaŵi yothamanga, kapena kugwira ntchito owonjezera pa ntchito imene tingafune kukapumula kwinakwake. The gaman ndi zomwe zimatipangitsa kupuma mozama ndikudzigwira tokha ndikusunga zathu kulingalira bwino.
Chifukwa chake, gaman idakhazikitsidwa pazipilala zisanu zofunika:
1. Kudziletsa. Kutha kuwongolera malingaliro, makamaka zoyipa, kotero kuti gawo loganiza bwino la ubongo wathu limayang'anira momwe zinthu zilili kuti tipange zisankho zabwino, ndikuwunika zabwino ndi zoyipa zomwe timadzipeza tokha.
2. Kuleza mtima. Kukhoza kusataya mtima, kulolera zinthu zosasangalatsa, zokwiyitsa ndi zowawa modekha komanso modekha.
3. Kutsutsa. Kukhoza kupirira pakati pa zovuta, popanda kusweka maganizo. Zimaphatikizapo kusunga mlingo wina wa ntchito zomwe zimatilola kupitirizabe ndi moyo ngakhale panthawi zovuta kwambiri.
4. Kupirira. Kukhoza kukumana ndi zovuta kwambiri zotuluka zolimbikitsidwa. Kaŵirikaŵiri kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira phunziro limene limatisintha monga munthu kapena kutsimikiziranso mphamvu zathu zamkati ndi kudzidalira.
5. Kufanana. Kutha kukhalabe ndi mlingo wokwanira wogwira ntchito pansi pa zovuta. Zimatanthawuza mlingo wa bata ndi bata zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zoipa.
Mbali yakuda ya gaman
Mofanana ndi chilichonse m’moyo, kuchita zinthu moyenera n’kofunika. Ngakhale zabwino zonse za gaman, kutengera nzeru ya moyo imeneyi mopambanitsa kungakhale ndi chiyambukiro choipa pa thanzi lathu la maganizo. Pambuyo pake, a gaman zimagwirizana ndi malingaliro monga kusakhazikika ndi kusakhulupirika.
Nthawi zina, pamene anthu adziunjikira kusagwirizana kwambiri ndipo sangathe kufotokoza maganizo awo motsimikiza, gaman ikhoza kudziwonetsera yokha kupyolera mu matenda a psychosomatic. Ngati munthuyo akuganiza kuti akuyenera kukonza zonse payekha ndipo osapempha thandizo, amatha kusweka chifukwa cha zovuta zake.
Kuphatikiza apo, gaman Zingakhalenso chowiringula chokanira m’mikhalidwe imene ingatipangitse kukhala osasangalala. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito izi ngati chowiringula choti tisatengerepo gawo lofunikira pa ubale wapoizoni kapena mikhalidwe yomwe ingatipweteke.
Choncho ngakhale tifunika mlingo wa gaman m'miyoyo yathu kuti tithane ndi zochitika zovuta zomwe zimatembenuza dziko lathu mozondoka, tifunikanso kuwonetsetsa kuti tikuwonetsa malingaliro ndi nkhawazo motsimikiza.
Pakhomo Gaman, lingaliro la ku Japan la kupirira zovuta ndi ulemu idasindikizidwa koyamba mu Pakona ya Psychology.
