Cappuccino, mocha, espresso: momwe mungakonzekerere mwaluso ndikuzindikira mtundu wawo

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- Kutsatsa -

Ndondomeko

     

    Cappuccino, mocha, espresso: awa ndi miyala itatu yamakona yamiyambo yaku Italiya, mabala osakondera omwe amaliza kudya, amatipatsa masiku athu oyambira bwino kapena tizingolimbikitsani pang'ono tokha. Ngati ndikosavuta kuphatikizira moch kunyumba, komwe kwakhala kale protagonist wosatsutsika, makina a khofi a espresso asanafalikire, cappuccino ed khofiM'malo mwake, amayimira zakumwa zomwe timamwa kwambiri tikakhala kunja. Nthawi zambiri, timamwa moperewera, osanyalanyaza kuti kuseri kwa zokonzekera izi kuli dziko lenileni. Dziko lomwe lero tikufuna kulipeza limodzi, kuphunzira momwe mungapangire cappuccino - mwachidziwikire kuyambira pa zidule za mocha wangwiro - ndi momwe mungazindikire espresso wabwino, chifukwa cha upangiri wa David Valenciano, katswiri wazamalonda. 

    Khofi ndi cappuccino: zofunikira pa chikhalidwe cha ku Italy 

    David Valenciano

    Ndi zinthu zochepa chabe zomwe zingadzutse mphamvu mongafungo khofi, yomwe idayamba kufalikira pakadali pano, kutisamalira ndikutiyesa. Khofi yemwe nthawi zambiri amaimira mphindi yachisangalalo, kuti agawidwe kapena kusangalala ali yekhayekha, komanso chomwe ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pachakumwa china chokondedwa kwambiri komanso protagonist wazakudya zathu, zomwe ndi cappuccino. Lero, tiona momwe tingakonzekeretse mocha ndi cappuccino kunyumba ngati akatswiri owona ndipo tidzaulula zina zomwe zingatithandize kumvetsetsa zomwe tingayembekezere ku espresso yomwe imaperekedwa ku bar kapena malo odyera, pongoyang'ana zazing'ono - koma osati zazing'ono - zambiri. Kuti atitsogolere mu kumiza kwathunthu mu dziko la khofi è David Valenciano: Womaliza maphunziro a SCA wazaka XNUMX (Mgwirizano Wapadera wa Khofi), woweruza wanzeru ku IIAC (International Institute of Coffee Tasters), woyenerera kukhala Wophunzitsa ku Italy Espresso, komanso bartender ku 21 Way Living in Milan. Tidamufunsa chifukwa cha inu, ndipo izi ndi zinsinsi zomwe adatiwululira.

    - Kutsatsa -

    Luso la Moka, kuyambira ku Bialetti mpaka lero

    mocha khofi

    Mercury Green / shutterstock.com

    Tisanapite ku cappuccino, tiyeni tiyambe ndi "zoyambira". Tikulankhula za moch, kupangidwa kwa Alfonso Bialetti, zomwe zidasinthiratu malo ogulitsira khofi mu 1933. Ndizovuta kupeza nyumba momwe mulibe chitsanzo chimodzi, ngakhale zitakhala kuti zakhala zikupitilira kufalikira kwa makina a khofi a espresso, zothandiza ndiponso zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Chikhalidwe cha mocha, komabe, chimatsutsa ndipo, makamaka, kwa gawo lalikulu la anthu ndichofunikira.
    Komabe, kuphika khofi wabwino ndi mocha sikophweka momwe zimawonekera. M'malo mwake, pali zina zofunika kuzisamalira, kuyambira ndi mtunduwo, monga Davide Valenziano akufotokozera kuti: "Upangiri wanga, ngati kuli kotheka, ndikugula imodzi in chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ambiri mwa iwo omwe ali pamsika, makamaka, amapangidwa ndi aluminium, omwe kutentha kwambiri kumatulutsa zitsulo zazing'ono zakumwa. Zachidziwikire, izi ndizocheperako pazinthu zathanzi, koma ngati tingazipewe, zimakhala bwino kwambiri ".

    Momwe mungakonzekere mocha wabwino

    mocha wabwino

    Kusuntha Kwanthawi / shutterstock.com

    Ndiye mungakonzekere bwanji mokau wopangidwa mwaluso? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kusankha khofi: "Bwino kondwerani yemwe ali ndi mbewu kuti agwidwe panthawiyi. Chifukwa chake, fungo labwino limasungidwa bwino ”. Lingaliro lina lofunikira, lomwe David akufuna kutsindika, ndikuyika mocha pamoto ndi chivindikiro cha jagi (kumtunda kwa mphika wa khofi). Tsegulani nthawi zonse: "Zimathandizira kuthana ndi kutentha komwe kumatuluka mkatimo ndikupewacondensation zotsatira, amenewo ndi madontho amadzi omwe, mosalephera, amapangika pansi pa chivindikiro ndikuti, kugwa mmbuyo, kumatha kusakanikirana ndi khofi kusintha kukoma".  

    Zosakaniza za anthu atatu

    • 15 g wa khofi (kusakaniza kwachikhalidwe)
    • 150 ml yamadzi (makamaka mabotolo, oti kuchokera pampopayo akhoza kukhala owerengeka kwambiri)

    Ndondomeko

    1. Thirani madziwo mpaka valavu, ngati zingatheke chisanachitike Kutentha. Monga momwe Davide akufotokozera, kwenikweni: “Monke amabadwa ndi vuto la kuwira madzi mu chitofu. Mwanjira imeneyi, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chofukula khofi ndipo chifukwa chake mumapeza mu chikho zowawa ndi zopumira".
    2. Ikani khofi mu fyuluta popanda kukanikiza, kuti athandize kuyenda kwa madzi.
    3. Chongani mtsuko pa fyuluta, kumata bwino ndikuwotcha mocha a lawi lapakatikati, Kulola kuti madzi achuluke pang'onopang'ono komanso mofanana. 
    4. Onjezerani pang'ono pokha madzi (pafupifupi 10/15 ml) ku jug: kuwonjezera pakukulitsa chakumwa ndikupanga zochepa kwambiri ndi wamphamvu, amaletsa khofi kuti asakhudzane ndi makoma otentha a mocha ndi kuwotcha ikatuluka.
    5. Kofi ikayamba kuthira mumphika, dikirani nthawi yomwe kuyenda akuyamba kukhala ovuta kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika wopanga khofi "asanasunthe". Panthawi ino, zimitsani lawi, Pofuna kupewa kuwira kwa madzi.
    6. Muziganiza mu khofi musanatumikire m'kapu ndipo konzekerani kulawa.

    Cappuccino, nyenyezi yakudya yaku Italy

    Nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa mu chikho chachikulu komanso chotentha, chovala chofewa choyera komanso chophatikizika, chopindika ndi mitsempha yofiirira, nthawi zina chimafotokozedwanso pamapangidwe omwe amakumbutsa mawonekedwe a tsamba kapena mtima kapena zolengedwa zina za zojambulajambula: ndi cappuccino. Amawonedwa ngati protagonist wa chakudya cham'mawa cha ku Italiya, ngakhale, nthawi zambiri, ndi chikhumbo chomwe mumangopita ku bar kokha. Apo Kukonzekera mkaka froth M'malo mwake, sitepe yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri kuchita kunyumba, ndichifukwa chake pamapeto pake timabwerera pa caffellatte wamba. Lero, komabe, chifukwa cha upangiri wa Davide Valenziano, tiphunzira momwe tingapangire cappuccino yabwino kunyumba.

    Momwe mungapangire cappuccino yabwino: zinsinsi komanso Chinsinsi cha katswiri 

    zojambulajambula

    - Kutsatsa -

    StudioByTheSea / shutterstock.com

    Ndiye zinsinsi zanji zokonzekera cappuccino ngati yomwe ili mubala kunyumba? Tsopano popeza tazindikira momwe tingapangire mocha wangwiro, choyambirira, tiyenera kupeza zotchedwa chosindikizira cha ku France. Amapanga makina opanga khofi opanga plunger, omwe tsopano amapezeka m'masitolo onse okonzanso nyumba, komanso m'malo amalo ogulitsa. Kukonzekera zonona zabwino, ndiye, timayamba ndi kusankha mkaka. David akuwonetsa mkaka wabwino wonse watsopano"Izi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabala ambiri, chifukwa zimapereka kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta kuti apange 'zotanuka, zokwanira komanso zotulutsa emulsion. Kapenanso, kwa iwo omwe amakonda zokonda za vegan kapena osagwirizana ndi lactose, zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezekanso zakumwa zamasamba kutengera soya, oat kapena amondi ".

    Zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana, komabe, ndizoposa zonse kutentha mkaka wina, zomwe ziyenera kunyamulidwa pakati pa 55 ° C ndi 60 ° C. "Pansi pamtundu uwu, mkaka ukanakhala wozizira kwambiri kuti ukwapulidwe bwino" akufotokoza Davide, "pamwamba pa 60 ° C, komano, pali chiopsezo caramelization ya lactose, chodabwitsa chomwe, kuwonjezera pakusintha kukoma komaliza, kupanga kafungo kodziwika kwambiri ka 'mkaka wophika', kumabweretsa vuto pamawonekedwe amakankhwala. Pa 70 ° C, Poyeneradi, mkaka wa mapuloteni amkaka, yotulutsa casein, yomwe, yolumikizana ndi asidi wothira womwe umapezeka mu khofi, imachita kuti ipange casin tannin, chinthu chovuta kwambiri kupukusa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake akafunsidwa cappuccino yotentha, barista wabwino amagwiritsa ntchito chinyengo cha kutentha chikho bwino, m'malo motentha mkaka ".

    Koma tsopano tafika pachinsinsi!

    Zosakaniza pa kapu

    • 7 g wa khofi (makamaka nyemba zatsopano kuti zisungunuke)
    • 120-125 ml ya mkaka wabwino wonse wabwino kwambiri

    Ndondomeko 

    1. Thirani khofi wa late mu phula ndikuyiyika pamoto wochepa kwambiri.
    2. Pakadali pano, konzani khofi mu mocha (kutsatira njira yapita) kapena espresso, ngati mukufuna.
    3. Mkaka ukafika pa kutentha kwa 55 ° C, chotsani phula pamoto ndikutsanulira mkaka mumtsuko wanu chosindikizira cha ku France. Kuti muwone kutentha kwa mkaka, muyenera kukhala nawo thermometer. Zomwe mukumana nazo zokha ndizomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchita popanda izi, kuphunzira kumvetsetsa poyang'ana mkaka ukafika pamalo otentha.
    4. Pakadali pano, ikani chivundikirocho chosindikizira cha ku France ndipo yesani mkakawo mwa kukanikiza ndikulera mwachangu plunger nthawi 10-15.
    5. Thirani zonona mu kapu momwe mudakonzera kale khofi ndipo sangalalani ndi cappuccino yanu yakunyumba.

    Makhalidwe a espresso yabwino

    kuteteza khofi

    O.Bellini / shutterstock.com

    Pomaliza, tafikakhofi. È njira yofala kwambiri yophikira khofi, m'nyumba mwathu, komanso koposa zonse m'ma bar ndi m'malo osiyanasiyana komanso malo odyera. Chizolowezi cha "khofi wofulumira", wodyedwa mwachindunji pa kauntala ndipo nthawi zambiri amameza m'malo ampweya, komabe, amatsogolera kunyalanyaza mtundu wa zomwe timamwa. Komabe pali zinthu, kupatula zokonda zokha, kuzindikira espresso yopangidwa mwanjira yogwira ntchito. Mwa ichi IEI (Chitaliyana cha Espresso National) yakhazikika, mothandizana ndi International Institute of Coffee Tasters (IIAC) ndi Centro Studi Assaggiatori, chipembedzo cha "Espresso Wotsimikizika waku Italiya", yomwe imafotokoza za espresso yabwino, yomwe ingafotokozedwe mwachidule motere:

    • mawonekedwe: zonona mtundu wa hazelnut, wokhala ndi bulauni yakuda, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri komanso wopanda bubble;
    • fungo: mafutawo kwambiri, momwe zolemba za maluwa, zipatso, chokoleti ndi mkate wofufumitsa zimawonetsedwa;
    • kulawa: okhwima komanso velvety, osasokoneza konse, wokhala ndi asidi woyenera komanso kuwawa.

    Kodi mungazindikire bwanji espresso yabwino?

    espresso


    mavo / shutterstock.com

    Popeza kuti, tikabwera ku bar kapena malo kwa nthawi yoyamba, sitikudziwa mtundu wa espresso, mpaka kuyezetsa mayeso, pali zina kuwulula zinthu za zomwe tidzapeze m'chikho chathu. Nawu malangizo a Davide Valenziano: “Choyamba, yesani kuwona chopukusira makina a espresso. Pali mitundu iwiri: "Zomwe zikufunidwa" ndi wogulitsa. Pachiyambi choyamba, mlingo wa khofi umakhala pansi panthawi yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo ali chitsimikizo chatsopano, ndi khofi yomwe imasunga zonunkhira zake zonse. Icho ndi wogulitsakomano, zimakupatsani mwayi wopera khofi wina pasadakhale ”. Poterepa, chidwi chikuyenera kuperekedwa kwa onse awiri kulumpha, belu lowonekera mkati momwe mumapezeka nyemba zonse za khofi, zabwino zonse chipinda chapansi. "Nthawi zambiri, zimawonekera m'modzi chikasu chachikaso: awa ndi encrustations chifukwa chamakutidwe ndi okosijeni a mafuta ndi mafuta omwe amapezeka mu khofi”Akufotokoza Davide. "Chomwe chimakhudza zotsatira zomaliza, kupangitsa fungo lake kukhala lokoma. Chizoloŵezi chofala pakati pa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito kuntchito ya kugaya zochuluka pasadakhale chimalimbikitsa vuto. Onse chifukwa nthaka pasanathe mphindi 15 yataya kale pafupifupi 65% ya fungo losakhazikika, Ndipo chifukwa imakonda kuyamwa fungo la mafuta amkati mwamkati mwawo ".

    Samalani, ndiye, ku manja a wogulitsa mowa: mtundu wa khofi womwe uperekedwe, makamaka, umadaliranso chisamaliro chomwe amakonza. Awa ndi ntchito zomwe timawona zikuchitika mwachangu komanso motsatizana, makamaka munthawi yochuluka kwambiri yamakasitomala, zomwe sitimazizindikira. Ndipo, m'malo mwake, monga Davide akutifotokozera, zimapangitsa kusiyana: "Mukamaliza kuphika khofi aliyense, katswiri wowona ayenera choyamba kuchotsa zosefera ndikusindikiza batani loperekera madzi kuti chotsani zotsalira zotopa. Kenako, timapitilira ku kuyeretsa chofukizira, yomwe iyenera kumenyedwa pa wogogoda, ndi fyuluta, kupukutidwa ndi burashi kapena nsalu kuti muchotse zotsalira zonse. Pakadali pano ndipamene mlingo watsopano wa khofi wawonjezedwa, kusanja ndi kukanikiza mofanana ". Osati zomwe timapeza mu modus operandi ya iwo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa kauntala: kuthamangira kokhala ndi zopempha zambiri munthawi yochepa, makamaka nthawi yayitali kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zosiyana kwambiri. "Zomwe timawona m'mabala ambiri, komabe, ndi izi: Ndimachotsa chosungira, sindimakakamiza batani kuti ndithetse zotsalira za zomwe zidachotsedwa m'mbuyomu, ndimakhomera fyuluta osayeretsa bwino, ndimatsanulira khofi watsopano mu fyuluta yakuda zotsalira zomwe zidatopa m'mbuyomu, pafupi mosasinthika, ndimangoyikapo chofukizacho m'gululo, ndikupita. Zotsatira zomaliza zikuyenera kukhala khofi wolimba fungo loyaka, ndi chakumwa chamanyazi komanso chonyansa, mpaka kusiya kukhumudwa pakamwa, komwe kumabweretsa imwani madzi. Zomwe, kwenikweni, ziyenera kuchitidwa kaye, kuti mutsuke mkamwa ndipo konzekerani kukumana ndi fungo losasunthika la espresso wabwino ". 

    Mwachidule, tikalowa mu bar kapena malo odyera, ndikwanira kuti tione zina ndi zina zazing'ono kuti timvetsetse mtundu wa espresso womwe tidzapatsidwe. "Kupatula apo, khofi" adamaliza Davide, "komanso kukhala wosangalatsa, ndi kuwonongeka kwabwino, yomwe ikachitika ndi yosungidwa bwino, itha kuyambitsa kutentha pa chifuwa komanso kugaya chakudya, chimodzimodzi ngati mbale yowonongeka ".

    Pamapeto pa izi kumiza kwathunthu mdziko la cappuccino ndi khofi, mpira umadutsa kwa inu owerenga. Kodi ndinu okonda espresso kapena ndinu m'modzi mwa okonda mocha? Ndipo mudayesapo dzanja lanu pokonza cappuccino kunyumba?

     

    L'articolo Cappuccino, mocha, espresso: momwe mungakonzekerere mwaluso ndikuzindikira mtundu wawo zikuwoneka kuti ndizoyamba Zolemba Zazakudya.

    - Kutsatsa -